Pabaisko varpai

LTTuščiai niekas varpais neskambina, - sako priežodis. Juolab tai pasakytina apie Pabaisko varpus. Garsas apie šią gyvenvietę toli sklinda, - jis istorinis, juk ir pavadinimas kilęs iš svarbaus istorinio įvykio, kurio metu pražuvo Kalavijuočių ordino galybė. Pirmąją bažnyčią Pabaiske pastatė 1436 m. mūšio nugalėtojas Žygimantas Kęstutaitis. Dabartinė akmenų mūro Svč. Trejybės bažnyčia statyta 1821-1836 m. O kokią istorinę atmintį saugo varpai, sukabinti akmens mūro varpinėje, tarsi kokioje pilyje? Taigi šio straipsnio tikslas ir objektas - Pabaisko varpų techninės charakteristikos, jų kilmė, įsigijimo aplinkybės, išlikimo vingiai karų metais. Metodologiniu požiūriu straipsnis yra lokalinės istorijos tyrimo apmatai, išryškinantys kai kurias Pabaisko parapijos gyvenimo ypatybes. [p. 376]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Tautosaka; Istorija; 19 amžius; Pabaiskas (Ukmergės r.); Varpai; Varpas; Varpinė; Belfry; Bell; Bells; Folklore; History; Lithuanian XIX c. history; Pabaiskas (Ukemrgė district).

ENOne big and three smaller bronze bells are anchored in the towering brick belfry in the churchyard of Pabaiskas church. The article introduces with the physical characteristics, their origins, circumstances of their acquisition, as well as survival in the period of world wars. The origins of the great bell that was moulded in 1741 remain mysterious; hypothetically, it was made in Podol in Ukraine. In the 20th century this bell suffered from hardship: in 1914 it was taken to Moscow as nonferrous metal raw material, in 1943 it was hidden from Germans by digging it in the ground, whereas in 1959 it was brought to Ukmergė Ethnographic Museum. Only after persistent requests of the congregation, the bell was brought back to the church of Pabaiskas. One of the smaller bells was produced in the beginning of the 20th century in the famous Yaroslavl workshop 'Oloviashnikov Sons', whose owners had family connections with the Lithuanian poet and diplomat Jurgis Baltrušaitis.The last bell was an article of Juozas Masalcas foundry in Kaunas, who was one of the initiators of the industry of independent Lithuania. It was moulded in 1930 upon the order of St. Zita union. The bells of Pabaiskas are valuable monuments of technology, arts and history. It is regrettable that the bells in the belfry are out of sight of the parish; having arranged the access, they could become a tourist attraction. Pursuing to foreground the local historical and cultural value of the bells, the current article also gives a brief review of their technological development, the history of their liturgical use in Lithuania and the world, traditions of moulding in Lithuania, as well as the reflection of bell tolling in Lithuanian traditional culture. [From the publication]