LTStraipsnyje nagrinėjama XX a. trečio ketvirto dešimtmečių Kristijono Donelaičio recepcija nacionalinio literatūros kanono formavimo kontekste. Analizei pasitelkta Johno Guillory sukurta metodologinė kanono tyrimų prieiga, išryškinanti švietimo institucijų vaidmenį kanono formavimo procese. Donelaičio kūrybos recepcijos tyrimas atskleidė, kad Metų pozicija nacionaliniame kanone buvo įtvirtinama akcentuojant tarpukario lietuvių savimonę ir istorinę atmintį atitinkančius poemos ir jos autoriaus biografijos aspektus: lietuvybę, valstietiškąjį etosą, žmogaus ir gamtos vienovę bei antibaudžiavinę nuostatą. Sklandų Metų kanonizavimo mechanizmą trikdė kai kurie Donelaičio biografijos ir kūrybos bruožai, tokie kaip liaudiškai rupi poetinė kalba arba faktas, kad Donelaitis nepasirūpino savo kūrinių leidyba. Nepaisant minėtų trikdžių, intensyvi poeto kūrybos sklaida ir Donelaičio kūrybos kanonizavimui palankūs literatūros modernizacijos procesai lėmė išaugusią Metų kultūrinio kapitalo vertę. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: "Metai"; Kristijonas Donelaitis; Kanonizacija; Kristijonas Donelaitis; Literatūra; Literatūrinis kanonas; Metai; Recepcija, nacionalinis literatūros kanonas; Tarpukario Lietuva; Tarpukaris; Vertinimai; "The Seasons"; Canonisation; Donelaitis; Evaluations; Interwar Lithuania; Interwar period; Kristijonas Donelaitis; Literary canon; Lithuanian literature; National literary canon; Reception; The Season.
ENThe paper addresses the reception of Kristijonas Donelaitis’s work in the 1920s and 1930s as part of the process of intensive formation of the national literary canon in the period of independent Lithuania. The author has chosen as a methodological approach of her research the conception of cultural capital developed by the sociologist of literature John Guillory who emphasised the importance of educational institutions in the process of formation of the literary canon. Speaking about the reception of The Seasons (Metai) in the independence period, the author stresses the aspects of the content of the poem correlating with Lithuanian self- consciousness and historical memory in the interwar period, such as the poeticising of agricultural works, the advancement of the peasant ethos, the unity of rural people and nature, and the critique of serfdom. The emphasis on Donelaitis’s peasant origins and the allegedly “re-Lithuanianised” spelling of the poet’s name (Duonelaitis) should be related with the specific features of national consciousness of the independence period. The smooth mechanism of the canonisation of The Seasons was hindered by coarse sayings typical of informal spoken language, and that is why during the entire period of independence the poem was only presented in excerpts in school textbooks and readers, and the supposedly obscene vocabulary was replaced by softer equivalents.Some aspects of Donelaitis’s biography, e.g. the fact that he did not care to publish his own works, were not instrumental in his canonisation. The changes in the rhetoric of Donelaitis’s studies in the independence period show that the value of Donelaitis’s work as cultural capital grew during the twenty-year interwar period. It is thought that this process was encouraged by both the intense promotion of the poet’s work through educational institutions and the processes of culture modernisation that liberated the aesthetic canon. [From the publication]