Vilnius 1904-1914 m.: lietuvių kultūros proveržis

LTStraipsnyje akcentuojamas Vilniaus tapsmas lietuvių tautinio atgimimo širdimi, analizuojamas istorinis Vilniaus žinių vaidmuo telkiant tautą ir kuriant valstybę. 1904-1914 m. dešimtmetis Lietuvoje pačių inteligentų vadinamas taikaus kultūros darbo laikotarpiu. Tuo metu Vilnius tapo lietuviškos periodikos, knygų leidybos, lietuvių literatūros procesų vyksmo centru. 1907-ųjų balandį įkurta Lietuvių mokslo draugija skleidė mokslo idėją, rūpinosi švietimo ir kultūros reikalais. 1907 m. sausio 9 d. surengiama Pirmoji lietuvių dailės paroda, kurioje dalyvauja ir Mikalojus Konstantinas Čiurlionis. Tų pačių metų rudenį įsteigta Lietuvių dailės draugija rengė parodas, rūpinosi Čiurlionio kūrybos palikimu, profesionaliosios muzikos ugdymu. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Laikraštis „Vilniaus žinios“; Lietuvių kultūra; Tautinis atgimimas; Vilniaus žinios; Vilnius; Daily newspaper of the Vilniaus žinios; Lithuanian culture; National revival; Periodical Vilniaus žinios (Vilnius news); Vilnius.

ENThe energy of a nation repressed for decades broke through with a free word at the end of the nineteenth century in Lithuania Minor and that word spread uncontrollably into Lithuania Major. In Vilnius, the Lithuanian national movement was reborn and in the first years of the twentieth century our historic capital became the heart of Lithuanian revival. A substantial group of Lithuanian intelligentsia concentrated here, however, the national movement was still heavily hampered by the tsarist oppression. In the field of national cultural work, the lift of the press ban, as well as the publication of the first Lithuanian daily Vilniaus žinios and the 1905 revolution, became a process of historic transformation that properly shook the foundations of the Empire. Vilniaus žinios played a consolidating role in rallying the nation and building the state. The public and cultural life of Vilnius and Lithuania as a whole centred on this daily. Vilniaus žinios and the Great Seimas of Vilnius of 1905 launched the final stage in the formation of the modern Lithuanian nation, which ended in 1918 with the establishment of a national state. Even though according to Miroslav Hroch’s periodization it is customary to refer to this stage as political, historians and sociologists currently agree that the cultural component of nation-building is no less important than the political one.In Lithuania, the intelligentsia called the decade of 1904-1914 the period of peaceful cultural work. At that time Vilnius became the centre of Lithuanian periodicals, book publishing, and processes in Lithuanian literature. Established in April 1907, the Lithuanian Scientific Society promoted the awareness of science, was in charge of the affairs of education and culture. On 9 January 1907, the First Lithuanian Art Exhibition was organized in which M. K. Čiurlionis also took part. The Lithuanian Art Society, which was established in the autumn of the same year, organized exhibitions, took care of M. K. Čiurlionis’ creative legacy and of the cultivation of professional music. The self-funded societies of the Lithuanians of Vilnius as well as such associations as ‘Vilniaus kanklės’ and ‘Rūta’ had choirs, organized concerts, and produced plays. [From the publication]