Teisė į sveikatos priežiūros paslaugas kaip konstitucinė teisė

LTŠiame straipsnyje yra analizuojama Konstitucijos 53 straipsnio 1 dalyje įtvirtinta asmens teisė į sveikatos priežiūrą, minėtame Konstitucijos straipsnyje vartojamų sąvokų „medicinos paslaugos“, medicinos pagalba“, „nemokama medicinos pagalba“, „valstybinė gydymo įstaiga“ konstitucinė samprata. Šių sąvokų turinys turi esminės reikšmės formuojant Lietuvos Respublikos sveikatos sistemą, identifikuojant valstybės pareigos rūpintis žmogaus sveikata įgyvendinimo reikalavimus bei apibrėžiant sveikatos priežiūros paslaugų finansavimo parametrus. Šiuo straipsniu yra tiriama Lietuvos Respublikos Konstitucinio Teismo Konstitucijos 53 straipsnio 1 dalies jurisprudencija, asmens teisė į sveikatos priežiūrą analizuojama valstybės socialinės orientacijos bei solidarumo konstitucinių teisės principų kontekste. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Medicinos pagalba; Nemokama medicinos pagalba, medicinos paslaugos, teisė į sveikatos priežiūrą, valstybinė gydymo įstaiga, sveikatos sistema; Teisė į nemokamą medicinos pagalbą; Teisė į sveikatos priežiūrą; Essential medical aid; Right to health care; Right to state guaranteed medical aid; State guaranteed healthcare services, state healthcare provider, healthcare system, free of charge medical services, right to healthcare.

ENThe object of this work is official constitutional doctrine on Lithuanian healthcare system, mandatory health insurance, state guaranteed healthcare and requirements on the operation of the healthcare system. More specifically, the author of this paper tries to answer the questions what are the constitutional requirements for the delivery of state guaranteed healthcare and what are the constitutional implications of the state’s positive obligation to ensure healthcare. The issue of state guaranteed healthcare services is most troublesome in defining whether the respective medical services should be financed by the state budget or by supplementary public funds gathering instruments (e.g. mandatory health insurance, etc.). At the same time, the right of private healthcare providers to participate in provision of state guaranteed healthcare services is also an open question. Nevertheless, the issue addressed in the paper, however, is likely to raise further discussions in both scientific community and court practice. The author of this paper presents the thorough analysis of the Lithuanian constitutional court jurisprudence and identifies the criteria for separation of constitutional notions of state guaranteed health care and free of charge medical services. In addition, the author discusses the right of private healthcare providers to participate in provision of state guaranteed healthcare services and free of charge medical services by analysing the constitutional notion of state healthcare provider. Moreover, the constitutional principles governing the supplementary public funds gathering instruments designated for financing the state guaranteed healthcare services are addressed in the paper, as well. Generally, the author of this paper found out that it is likely that the notion of free of charge medical services is an independent constitutional notion and is separate from the notion of state guaranteed healthcare services.The dichotomy of the aforementioned constitutional notions implies a two tier health care services financing mechanism: free of charge medical services should be financed by the state budget and the state guaranteed healthcare services by supplementary public funds gathering instruments. Moreover, the analysis of constitutional doctrine implies a right for the state to choose the exact mechanism of supplementary public funds gathering instrument, as far as it corresponds to the constitutional requirements of solidarity and effectiveness. The author of this paper criticizes the constitutional doctrine of state institutions, as it pays not enough attention to the regulatory framework and restraints on the commercial activity of the private healthcare providers in comparison to a mere corporate control of the state healthcare providers. [From the publication]

• Praktiniai asmens sveikatos duomenų tvarkymo aspektai pagal Bendrąjį asmens duomenų apsaugos reglamentą / Justina Januševičienė. Teisė. 2018, t. 107, p. 111-128.
• Solidarumo principo vaidmuo ir reikšmė, aiškinant Lietuvos Respublikos Konstitucijoje įtvirtintą teisę į valstybės laiduojamą sveikatos apsaugą / Gabrielė Taminskaitė-Kočiūnė. Konstitucinė justicija Lietuvoje: trys veiklos dešimtmečiai / redaktorės: Agnė Juškevičiūtė-Vilienė, Dovilė Pūraitė-Andrikienė. 2023. P. 483-493.