ENLithuanian historians have already noted that the concept of Lithuania in the first half of the 19th c. was different essentially from the current concept of ethnic Lithuania and was an evolving phenomenon. The aim of the article is to analyze in detail what image or images of Lithuania existed in Lithuanian society in 1795-1864, how did the political, social and cultural processes influence these images, how was the image of Lithuania spread among the Lithuanian folk. The functioning of the image of Lithuania was analyzed in two different discourses: in the writings in the Polish language that were written in Lithuania, that reflected the concept of Lithuania of the nobility and the writings in the Lithuanian or Polish language that expressed the concept of Lithuania by the participants of the cultural movement of the Lithuanians. The study showed that different political, social and cultural factors had an influence on the images of Lithuania and their change: the different administrative subordination of the former lands of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the increased value of historical memory, the transformation of the traditional concept of the civic nation into the concept of the nation defined by cultural criteria (language, religion, common history, traditions and customs) and the ofthe concept ofan ethnolinguistic nation. The study also revealed that in the first half of the 19th c. several different images of Lithuania - historical Lithuania, actual Lithuania, ethnic Lithuania - functioned simultaneously in Lithuanian society. The ethnic image of Belarus was also forming. The historical image of Lithuania was associated with the territory of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in 1772. Historical literature most actively shaped this image. Historical Lithuania was perceived as part of the joint state of Poland and Lithuania or the Homeland (Ojczyzna), one of its provinces. [...]. [From the publication]