Josephas Wölflis - pirmasis muzikantas Mykolo Kleopo Oginskio tarnyboje

LTReikšminiai žodžiai: Abiejų Tautų Respublika (ATR; Rzeczpospolita Obojga Narodów; Žečpospolita; Sandrauga; Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth); Austrų kompozitorius Joseph Woelfl; Josephas Wolflis; M. K. Oginskis; Mecenatas; Muzikos mecenatas; Muzikos meno mecenatas; Mykolas Kleopas Oginskis (Michal Kleofas Oginski); Pianistas; Įdarbinti muzikai; Įtaka Oginskio kompozicijoms; Austrian composer Joseph Woelfl; Influence on compositions by Oginski; Joseph Wolfl; Michal Kleofas Oginski; Music; Musical patronage; Musicians employed by Oginski; Patron of music art; Pianist.

ENMagnate of the Commonwealth of Both Nations Michał Kleofas Ogiński (1765-1833) has many times been a benefactor of the art of music. However, after the Partitions financial means of M. K. Ogiński, when his property was expropriated for participation in the Uprising of Tadeusz Kościuszko, did not permit having musical life in Zalesye Manor or his palace in Vilnius be organized in the way common to the residences of magnates at the end of the i8,h century. In spite of that, the patron part of his life was still multifaceted: he hired into his service professional musicians, many a time he organized single concerts or cycles of concerts of singers and musicians, cultural evenings of Vilnius Association of Patrons, took part in preparing a project of founding Lithuanian National Theatre in Vilnius; he also supplied musical instruments to the school in Maladechin he financed, and curated a concert tour of Maria Szymanowska in Italy. At the end of the i8lh century and in the first quarter of the 19th, one of the most common forms of musical patronage in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania was hiring of local or foreign musicians for service in the manor house. Musicians lived in the house of the aristocrat, took part in the musical of life of the family of their patron and were engaged in educational tasks. M. K. Ogiński in different moments of his life invited to his home and financially supported several talented musicians. It is known that in the course of M. K. Oginski's life in Zalesye one member of his quartet was Spanish violinist Escudero, whom M. K. Ogiński acquainted during classes of Professor Pierre Baillot (1771-1842) of the Paris Conservatoire. From 1811 to 1822 part of the Oginskis' household was Italian singer and composer Giuseppe Paliani (1781-?), whom M. K. Ogiński invited to teach music to his children.First of the musicians employed by M. К. Ogiński was Austrian composer Joseph Wölfl (1773-1812), who later became famous European pianist and improvisator. J. Wölfl started his employment at the palace of M. K. Ogiński in Warsaw in the autumn of 1791 and worked for him for over a year. J. Wölfl's visit in the Commonwealth of Both Nations had impacted both him and his benefactor. M. K. Ogiński unquestionably influenced the oeuvre of Joseph Wölfl. Next to characteristic dances, such as polonaise 'Kozachok', which Joseph Wölfl included into repertoire of his concerts, the pianist was one of the first who introduced polonaises to the genre of concert-for-forte-piano, developed by the classical school of Vienna. On the other hand, acquaintance with Joseph Wölfl could have had decisive influence on the life of M. K. Ogiński as composer. Joseph Wölfl provided M. K. Ogiński with the knowledge necessary in creating music and also managed to convince his patron to engage the life of a composer. This way, this relatively short episode of Joseph Wölfl's life under the patronage of M. K. Ogiński became a fairly significant and bright episode in the history of the Commonwealth of Both Nations. [From the publication]