Panemunės pilies (Jurbarko r.) sienų tapybos restauravimo metodologiniai ypatumai

LTReikšminiai žodžiai: Panemunės pilis (Jurbarko r.); Sienų tapyba; Restauravimo metodai; Panemunė castle (Jurbarkas district); Mural painting; Restoration methods.

ENIn only two out of approximately ten Lithuanian castles that have reached our times in somewhat better condition, mural painting has survived in significant quantity. These are the residential castles of Panemunė and Siesikai. During the restoration of the Siesikai castle, the fact that according to the contemporary understanding of authenticity, not only the original décor, but also the later layers have value was not taken into account, and all mural paintings on the ground floor were destroyed. Therefore, in the case of the Panemunė castle the methodological features of the restoration of mural painting should be carefully considered. In the Panemunė castle the majority of mural paintings is found on the first floor of the southern wing. Currently décor has been uncovered in six rooms; the earliest Renaissance décor, as can be judged from small fragments, may date back to the 17th century, but today, Classicist-style painting from the late 18th – early 19th century is mainly exposed. Some places, e.g. window glyphs, contain pre-Classicist elements of painting décor from the earliest Renaissance period; several structurally different compositional means can also be noticed. As the castle was subject to major reconstructions, a great amount of mural painting was destroyed on the scale of the entire ensemble, but since a large part of the décor in the first-floor rooms consists of recurring ornamental motifs, and the central paintings have also survived, it is obvious that the former polychromic structures can be restored.The painting areas that are the most important from the compositional viewpoint have survived, which allows both making additions within these areas and applying the method of full interior restoration. However, attention should be drawn to the fact that in many places several layers of painting can be found, which creates additional tasks. In the future, when conducting research in other rooms and removing later overpaintings and layers of plaster during the restoration works, revealing discoveries can be expected, and the knowledge of the stages of development of different stylistic periods can be increased. The problem of preservation and harmony of all layers is essential in restoring the interiors of the Panemunė castle. [From the publication]