Tikrinių vardų galūnių adaptavimo ypatumai Simono Daukanto ir Simono Stanevičiaus "Epitome Historiae Sacrae" vertimuose

LTStraipsnis aktualus XIX a. pirmosios pusės skirtingų autorių religinio teksto vertime esančių tikrinių biblinių vardų galūnių vartosena ir adaptavimu, nes nuo seno nusistovėjusios biblinių vardų rašybos nebuvo, o Simono Daukanto ir Simono Stanevičiaus vartoti tikriniai bibliniai vardai nebuvo išsamiai analizuoti. Tyrimo duomenys galėtų būti naudingi vertinant tikrinių vardų adaptacijos raidą, situaciją XIX a. pirmojoje pusėje. Darbe stengiamasi nustatyti, koks yra kiekvieno autoriaus norminimo pobūdis, kiek jis siejasi su galūnių rašyba XIX a. ir ankstesnių metų raštuose, kokia tarmės įtaka galūnių rašybai ir abiejų vertėjų rašybos galūnėse santykis. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Stanevičius; Daukantas; Bibliniai vardai; Norminimas; Galūnių rašyba; Daukantas; Stanevičius; Biblical names; Standardisation; Spelling of the endings.

ENThe relevance of the article lies in the analysis of standardising biblical proper names and their comparison because there have been no well-established orthography of the biblical proper names and a thorough analysis of proper names used in the old works. The article attempts to examine morphological issues in Stanevičius’ and Daukantas’ sources, with a special focus on the Lithuanianness of the endings of translated proper biblical names. The article tries to establish the nature of standardisation applied by each author, the influence of the dialect on the spelling of endings, and the relation of orthography of endings used by both translators. It has established that some of the characters with diacritics used by Daukantas mark the endings of certain cases. Simonas Stanevičius uses characters with diacritics in an extensive volume of his works, however, they denoted the place of the stress; therefore the use of Daukantas’ works for morphological studies was only too reasonable. Adaptation of names was discussed as early as in the grammar of Daniel Klein Grammatica Lithvanica (1653). Klein specifies the cases of contraction and omitting of endings -as, -is (combined methods of vowel change in the endings).The standardised adaptation of biblical names in Lithuanian appeared only in the Dictionary of Biblical Names (Biblijos vardų žodynas, 2002) published as late as in 2000. It names numerous principles, and the paramount ones are as follows: 1. According to the international practice of translating the Bible into modern languages, the translation of the Old Testament names should be as close to the Hebrew (Aramaic) original as possible if their Lithuanian forms have a short history of use. Other names that fell into the Lithuanian language through the Greek (Septuagnta) and Latin (Vulgatà) translations of the Old Testament rather than directly from the Hebrew or through the New Testament and that have a well-established form should be treated as traditional ones. 2. The rest of the principles are associated with phonetic issues and adaptation based on adding Lithuanian endings or ends of the word or syllabus. Stanevičius does not practically shorten the endings of the names – he does not use apostrophes and does not omit vowels though his translations appear to include proper names with no endings at all. Lithuanianness of the endings of proper names translated by Daukantas is different. There are considerably more cases of shortening the endings of proper names expressed by way of apostrophes or simply omitting a letter. These endings are closer to Samogitian, therefore, they imply syncope. To sum it up, Daukantas most often lithuanianised biblical names in order to provide the reader with as much pure language as possible. [From the publication]

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