Lietuvos totorių medinių mečečių architektūra

LTReikšminiai žodžiai: Islamas; Kultūrinis paveldas; Liaudies menas; Maldos namai; Medinė architektūra; Mečetė; Tautinės mažumos; Totoriai; Cultural Heritage; Ethnic minorities; Folk art; House of Prayer; Islam; Mosque; Tartars; Wooden architecture.

ENThe article focuses on the analysis of the architecture of wooden Lithuania Tartars mosques. There has been little or no research made on this topic, therefore it is meaningful to understand its contribution to the formation of the history of Lithuania and the creation of a distinctive character which was influenced by a small ethnic Tartar nation. The aim of this article is to explore the reasons of wooden mosques origin in Lithuania, to reveal features of architecture, to discuss similarities between architecture of Lithuanian ethnic and wooden mosques of Tartars. In order to provide a comprehensive analysis of the architectural wooden mosques, the research of Lithuanian historical aspects is essential. Therefore, the first chapter of this article briefly discusses the reasons and development of Tartars settlement in Lithuania. It also provides the background for Tartar religion buildings that have been closely associated with the political, historical and economical factors. The second chapter of this article analyses Trakai, Vilniaus Lukiškės, Vinkšnupiai, Keturiasdešimt Totorių, Nemėžis and Raižiai mosques, their history and features of architecture. This part presents the history of each mosque, research some of the surviving mosques plans, disclosed to the Tartar sacred building’s exterior and interior features. The architecture of the Lithuanian Tartars mosques was created by the local Lithuanian artisans – carpenters. This fact determined the similarities between Lithuanian ethnic and wooden mosques architectures. There were used decorative ornaments which were common in Lithuanian old wooden buildings. This article researches typical decor of Lithuanian folk architecture, which was applied to decorate mosques windows, doors and roof panels. [From the publication]