Imperinis modelis ir vidinė Rusijos
LTReikšminiai žodžiai: Sovietų Sąjunga (SSRS; Soviet Union; USSR); Politika; Ideologija; Pokaris; Soviet union; Politics; Ideology; After-war period.
ENDrawing on postcolonial methodological and theoretical studies, the question whether the Soviet Union really was a colonial empire like other countries of this kind is discussed. The USSR never considered itself to be an empire; moreover, it kept declaring that it fought against imperialism abroad. The differences and similarities between such societies are explained, taking into consideration the ties between postcolonial studies and sovietology. The article also attempts to discuss peculiarities of Imperial Russia and the Soviet Union as a colonial state, drawing on the concept of Russia as “internal colonisation” suggested by Professor Alexander Etkind of Cambridge University and the Department of Slavonic Studies. The question is asked how much can adequate and effective research into the Stalinist period be. In the article, the conclusions are drawn that Stalin continued the colonisation policy of Imperial Russia, “taking back” after its demise at the end of the First World War, part of the lost territories, and at the same time initiating their speedy “assimilation”. The collectivisation that was conducted during the internal colonisation of the USSR, the gulag system, industrial expansion and urbanisation were based essentially on the return to the archaic model of forced labour, and became an expression of repressive modernisation. Stalinist socio-economic reforms worked “from above”, and strove to protect the regime from outer and inner threats; therefore, this modernisation can be called anti-liberal.These factors determined another feature of Soviet colonisation policy: more resources went to the “peripheries”, including the Baltic countries, and not to the metropolis, which at first glance contradicts the “centre-periphery” relation models of Classical empires. In the second half of the 20th century, the concept of internal colonisation helps to explain events in Lithuanian history in a wider context, disregarding the ethnocentric approach of victimisation that still prevails in the Lithuanian interpretation of the Stalinist period. [From the publication]
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