LTStraipsnyje pateikiami edukacinio proceso tyrimo duomenys. Buvo keliami probleminiai klausimai: kokios didaktinės paradigmos realiai taikomos klasėje, kurioje mokosi specialiųjų poreikių vaikas? Ar realizuojamos didaktinės paradigmos skatina vaiko kognityvinį ir kūrybinį aktyvumą? Naudojant standartizuotą instrumentą, stebėta 118 pamokų bendrojo lavinimo klasėje ir specialiojo pedagogo kabinete. Edukacinis procesas klasėje buvo stebimas tiriant trijų didaktinių paradigmų ir jų požymių raišką: tradicinės klasikinės, pragmatinės problemų sprendimo ir metakognityvinės. Atliktas tyrimas atskleidė sąlyginai naują bendrojo lavinimo mokyklos probleminį lauką – didaktinių strategijų, pritaikytų mokyti vienoje vietoje ir vienu laiku skirtingų poreikių ir gebėjimų vaikus, deficitą. Tradicinės didaktinės priemonės kompleksinės klasės realybės sąlygomis nėra pakankamai veiksmingos, nes edukacinis vaikų stimuliavimas iš esmės susiaurėja iki informacijos pateikimo ir priėmimo. Ugdymo proceso visybiškumas lieka tik teoriškai patrauklia idėja, mažai realizuojama praktikoje. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Specialiųjų poreikių mokiniai; Specialusis ugdymas; Bendrojo lavinimo mokykla; Children with special needs; Special education.
ENChanging reality of school demands alterations in many spheres of education. It is evident that teachers of mainstream schools have found themselves in a rather complicated situation considering special education. SEN child's education in a regular classroom demands new didactic approaches for it is impossible to teach everybody the same things and in the same way: children learn according to different programmes, they have to fulfill different requirements, their achievements are estimated differently as well. Teachers have many questions - how to teach SEN pupils? How should they organize work in the classroom where the needs of the pupils differ so much? And finally - are proper teaching and learning possible under such conditions? The article presents the research data of educational process achieved on the basis of standardized observation. There have been posed the following problems: what didactic paradigms are really used in the classroom where SEN children are learning? Are they stimulating the child’s cognitive-creative activity? There have been observed 118 lessons in mainstream school classroom using the standardized instrument and in the study of a special pedagogue: 79 lessons of the Lithuanian language (64 in primary classes, 7 language lessons in senior forms and 8 literature lessons in senior forms) and 39 maths lessons. The standardized observation of a teacher and one SEN child was fixed on the video.The educational process in the classroom has been observed through the prism of three didactic paradigms and their characteristics: traditional classic, pragmatic problem solving and metacognitive. The research revealed a relatively new stream of mainstream school problems - deficit of didactic strategies that could be used teaching children with different needs and abilities in the same place and at the same time. Traditional didactic means are not effective enough as educational stimulation of children essentially deals only with delivering and receiving information. The wholeness of educational process remains only a theoretically attractive idea hardly realized in practice. SEN children because of limited didactic technologies are practically „evacuated“ from the field of educational activity. Didactic training of teachers is more directed to techniques, automatic performance and results but not to sensible management of pragmatic and cognitive components of educational process. [From the publication]