Moderno ornamentinis dekoras Vilniaus gyvenamųjų namų interjeruose: idėjų sklaida ir ornamentų pavyzdžiai

LTStraipsnyje analizuojama XIX a. pabaigos - XX a. pradžios Vilniaus gyvenamųjų namų interjerų moderno stiliaus dekoro elementų ornamentika. Siekiama parodyti, kad naujojo stiliaus puošyba vilniečių privačioje erdvėje buvo ganėtinai populiari, o dekoratoriai ir apdailos elementų pramonininkai idėjų sėmėsi iš Prancūzijoje, Austrijoje ir Vokietijoje leistos periodinės spaudos bei ornamentikos pavyzdžių albumų. Naujų idėjų sklaidai nemenką įtaką darė tarptautinės ir vietinės pramonės ir amatų bei specializuotos interjero dizaino parodos, taip pat tarptautinis prekybos tinklas. Pristatant dekoro ornamentikos pavyzdžius analizuojami popieriniai sienų apmušalai, sienų tapyba, lipdiniai, koklinės krosnys ir dekoratyvinės grindų dangos. [Iš leidinio]

ENThe article analyses decor elements and ornamentation in Art Nouveau style used in the interiors of Vilnius residential houses of late 19th and early 20th century. The aim is to show that the decor of this new style was quite popular in private spaces of Vilnius citizens and the decorators and industrialists manufacturing decorative elements used periodical publications and albums p resenting examples of ornamentation published in France, Austria or Germany as their source of inspiration. The spread of new ideas was also strongly influenced by international and local exhibitions of industry and crafts as well as specialised interior design exhibitions and international trade network. Wallpapers, wall paintings, wall mouldings, tile stoves and decorative floorings are analysed by presenting examples of decor ornamentation. In terms of ornaments used, the decorators of Vilnius' houses could not be considered very original as they usually followed the recommendations and examples offered by European authorities but, on the other hand, they endeavoured to make use of all the latest materials and decoration techniques.For the decoration of interiors, elements of mass production were almost exclusively used but their subtle and ingenious combinations and a variety of colour schemes used in each individual occasion allowed the designers to create cosy and unique residential environments. The dominant ornaments were stylised floral motifs, particularly those of blooming flowers, or visually simple rhythmically repeated geometric shapes applied using stencils. So far, due to small scope of research and scarce examples of remaining interior decor of late 19th and early 20th century, it is not possible to prove, by substantial arguments, the existence or non-existence of figural and zoomorphic ornamentation in Vilnius; however, sporadic fragments of such examples have already been recorded. [From the publication]