Šiaulių krašto dvarų sodybų archeologiniai tyrimai: raida, rezultatai ir jų pritaikymas

LTReikšminiai žodžiai: Archeologiniai duomenys; Archeologiniai tyrimai; Dvarai; Dvarų sodybos; Naudojimas; Naujieji amžiai; Rezultatai; Tyrimų dinamika; Tyrimų metodai; Tyrimų pritaikymas; Šiaulių kraštas; Archaeological data; Archaeological investigation; Archaeological research; Dynamics; Estates; Implementation; Investigation; Manor houses; Method of; New Ages; Results; Usage; Šiauliai Land; Šiauliai Region.

ENManor houses, an important part of the history and cultural heritage of Lithuania, encompass wide spheres of social and economic history, architecture and material culture. A network of manor houses built during several centuries is a significant part of the multifaceted, multi-functional system of Lithuanian cultural symbols revealing links with the development of European nations and states. The collected material shows that there were 3342 manor houses in Lithuania. Data on manor houses under state protection vary but nowadays there are about 600 manor houses listed in the Register of Cultural Heritage. Research into immovable cultural heritage of manor houses includes research into their history, protection, upkeep, maintenance, architecture, landscape, art history, etc. Research into manor houses is not an end in itself, its results are used while restoring and adapting them to suit the needs of the hospitality industry. It was at the turn of the 21st century when manor houses became the object of archaeological practice (excavations) and theory (the archaeology of historic periods) in Lithuania; the inventory of manor houses and their inclusion in the Register of Cultural Heritage have substantially changed their legal status. Nowadays the legal acts on regulate heritage protection oblige the owner or manager to organise archaeological investigations at buildings, parks, other structures before starting their restoration works. Primary excavation data, scientific sources and informative articles published in Archaeological Investigations in Lithuania have been used in this paper. In Lithuania, archaeological field research into 171 manor houses has been carried out. There are 90 manor houses under state protection in Šiauliai region, and archaeological investigations have been carried out at 24 (26%).So many archaeological investigations show that manor houses in Šiauliai region are being extensively restored and adapted for various cultural, recreational, commercial purposes. In 1995–2014, 80 archaeological expeditions were arranged to 24 manor houses in Šiauliai region but only 8 manor houses in Baisogala, Joniškis, Kelmė, Kuršėnai, Kurtuvėnai Pakruojis, Rėkyva, Šiauliai have been most thoroughly researched during the period of at least 3 years. The findings from these archaeological investigations are new historical sources of research into the structure, architecture, construction of manor houses, local crafts and industry, economic and commercial links, material culture and lifestyle, valuable material while restoring manor houses and developing cultural activity and tourism in them. [From the publication]

• Archeologija / Archaeology
• Istorija / History