Lietuvių kalbos bevardės giminės dalyviai ir jų atitikmenys latvių kalboje : struktūros ir semantikos paralelės

LTReikšminiai žodžiai: Atitikmenys; Bevardės giminės dalyviai; Kalbų mokymas; Latvių kalba; Modalumas; Predikatas; Semantika; Sintaksė; Equivalents; Language teaching; Latvian language; Modality; Neuter Gender Participles; Predicate; Semantics; Semantics, syntax; Syntax.

ENThe article is an analysis of the syntactic, semantic, and modal characteristics of Lithuanian language neuter gender participles. Neuter gender participles are the only participial forms used in the position of predicate and are quite often characterised by distinctive semantics - they are used to express a generalised action or state dissociated from the subject (agent), suddenly experienced actions, actions understood only from their results that the speaker has not experienced directly, actions that the speaker is only retelling, etc. In contemporary language, it is usually inflective verb forms that are used in the position of neuter gender participles, yet they do not convey numerous semantic and modal nuances typical of neuter gender participles. The article analyses structural variations of different neuter gender participle constructions in Lithuanian and their equivalents in the Latvian language. In Latvian, passive-voice neuter gender participles are best matched by nominative singular masculine forms of passive participles having a generalising meaning. Meanwhile, active-voice participles are best matched by stiff non-inflected active participles with the suffix -ot. The author speaks of how such participial forms expand the possibilities of linguistic expression and how cases of such usage could be applied in teaching syntax and other aspects of Lithuanian, as well as discusses other comparative and applied aspects. [From the publication]