LTReikšminiai žodžiai: Demografija; Gaisrai; Gardino apskritis; Kauno apskritis; 18 amžius; Miestai; Miestas; Miesteliai; 18 amžius; Cities; City; Demographics; Eighteenth century; Fires; Grodno district; Kaunas district; Lithanian XVIII c. history; Townships.
ENThe essay refers to the cities on the border of Hrodna and Kaunas, which were in Trakai Voivodeship at the end of the first Republic of Poland. The main purpose of this study is to present prevention, causes, frequency, course and effects of fires of Lithuanian cities from the end of the 18th century. The citizens were obliged to take part in firefighting actions. Every farmer was obliged to possess a ladder, an axe, a bucket and a full water tank near his house. Moreover, objecting the rules caused hard punishments. The main source of the fires was the breweries. Therefore, it was decided to build them outside the town. [From the publication]