Tarminių nominacinių sistemų funkcionavimo bruožai

LTReikšminiai žodžiai: Arealas; Leksika; Lietuvių kalbos žodynas; Lietuvių tarmės; Nominacija; Reikšmė; Skoliniai; Tarminė leksika; Tarmė; Žodynas; Area; Borrowings; Dialect; Dialectal lexis; Dictionary; Dictionary of the Lithuanian Language; Lexis; Lithuanian dialects; Meaning; Nominatin; Nomination.

ENIn the aftermath of the increased illustration of the meanings and shades of meaning of words in the latter volumes ol Lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of the Lithuanian Language] by the examples of dialects, one can speak about the local nature of the lexis. On the basis of the geographical labels attached to the words in the Dictionary it is possible not only to draw their quite reliable isoglosses but also to speak about a systemic nature of the regional use of words. A detailed research of the expressiveness and functioning of a semantic group of words, relating to kablys 'hook' and other words denoting hook-shaped tools in the Lithuanian dialects, leads to the conclusion that at least larger dialects and subdialects tend to function as separate languages with respect to nomination units, i.e. the terms, functioning in these spheres, bear the marks of a closed lexical system. This tendency, most probably, is conditioned by the ethnic self-consciousness of the speakers of a particular dialect, thus determining a particular linguistic behaviour. It is not difficult to imagine that the community, whose speech differs markedly from that of the neighbours, identifies itself as a separate ethnic group, as 'us', who employ their own names for things of their everyday reality and do not recognize their possible counterparts - terms, used by 'them'. A peculiar dialectal system of nomination precludes the spread of analogous terms of other dialects (or languages) without a specific adaptation. In case of reception the new terms must find their niche in the hierarchy of the nominational subsystems. [From the publication]