Latvijos, Gudijos ir Lenkijos lietuvių aukštaičių skirtuminis žodynas

LTReikšminiai žodžiai: Aukštaičių šnektos; Bendrinė kalba; Dialektizmai; Gudija; Latvija (Latvia); Leksiniai skirtumai; Lenkija (Lenkijos karalystė. Kingdom of Poland. Poland); Skoliniai; Tarmybės; Šnekta; Aukštaitian subdialects; Dialect words; Dialectal peculiarities; Latvia; Lexical differences; Loanwords; Standard language; Subdialect.

ENDialectal peculiarities furnish additional information about the origin and development of subdialects and about linguistic contacts. Drawing on the phonetic peculiarities it is possible to determine that the Lithuanians must have lived in the parishes of Tiskādi and Krāslava (Latvia) already before the sixteenth century. The word sala 'village' and some other dialectal traits provide evidence that this Lithuanian subdialect made up a continuous area with the adjacent subdialects of Adutiškis, Ceikiniai, Mielagėnai, Tverečius and Apsas. The Ditva/Dzitva River is the boundary between the subdialects of Ramaškonys- Žirmūnai and Rodūnia-Pelesa (Belarus) as is attested by the spread of the prefix ažu-/žu-. Some features cover a part of the subdialects or only one of them, while others are found in some subdialects. There are dialectal traits which are characteristic of more than one linguistic level - morphology and semantics (cf.stabdà 'kind of a bolt'), phonetics and morphology (géras 'lamb') phonetics and lexis (cf.grinčià 'hut') or accentuation and lexis (dangtis/dang(s)tys 'roof'). Dialect word-formation has its own formants. The prefix po- of the subdialects of Vilnius and Utena replaces the adjective and adverb suffix - -okas, -a, cf. pakurcis / pokurtis, kartokas 'rather deaf. In the process of disappearing, the Lithuanian subdialects outside the boundaries of Lithuania adopted many loanwords and derivational formants. [From the publication]