Žydų paveldas žemaičių "Alkos" muziejuje
LTReikšminiai žodžiai: Eksponatai, paveldas, kasdienybės kultūra; Kasdienybės kultūra; Lietuvos žydai; Lietuvos žydai (litvakai); Lietuvos žydai (litvakai), Telšiai, žemaiči muziejus, „Alka",; Litvakai; Muziejus "Alka"; Paveldas; Telšiai; Žemaitija (Samogitia); Žemaičių muziejus „Alka“; "Alka" museum; Daily culture; Heritage; Lithuanian Jews; Lithuanian Jews (Litvaks); Lithuanian Jews, Litvaks, Telšiai, Samogitian museum "Alka", heritage, daily culture; Litvaks; Samogitia; Samogitian museum „Alka“; Telšiai.
ENTelšiai was one of the biggest centers of Lithuanian Jewish education and culture. The first Jews settled in Telšiai in the 17th century. In 1939, there were 2800 Jews living in the town that constituted 27% of the whole population. Telšiai yeshiva was established in about 1875, joining a few elementary schools for boys and girls that preexisted it. The first Jewish orthodox gymnasium "Javne" for girls in Lithuania was established in 1921. Since 1923 the seminary "Javne" for Jewish teachers was run in Telšiai. Doctor Menuchinas' hospital was opened in Telšiai, too. In 1930, N. D. Krulis' (a Jewish founder from USA) Jewish hospital w as erected. There were four synagogues in Telšiai. A library and a sports club were available, a newspaper was published. The collection of Jewish heritage kept in the Samogitian museum "Alka" is not big. Mostly these are occasional items brought to the museum after 1941 or acquired from local residents later on. In the item catalogs it is not emphasized that the items are of Jewish origin. The items can be divided into several groups. Firstly, there is a group of art items comprising four caricatures by the painter L. Kaganas and ten caricatures by the painter E. Keis. L. Kaganas was a famous Lithuanian caricaturist and painter in the interwar period. He drew cartoons, caricatures for famous Lithuanian satire papers and magazines. No information was found about painter E. Keis. His cartoons stored in the museum date from 1934-1935. The press and manuscripts are ascribed to the second group consisting of three Talmuds, four books and four Torahs.The Talmuds were published in Vilnius in 1865 and in 1889 by the printing house of Romai. In two of them, there are stamps by rabbi E. M. Blochas. One book belonged to rabbi E. M. Blochas and the other one belonged to Telšiai yeshiva. The oldest book Šventinės waldos (Holiday Prayers) was published in Riga in 1800. The Torahs are from Telšiai yeshiva. The Samogitian museum "Alka" stores one prescription for drugs issued by the doctor M. Lurje to his patient B. Kubilytė in 1937 at N. D. Krulis' Jewish hospital in Telšiai and the receipt from the Jewish Folk Bank to Kristina Andžiejevskaitė (Andrijauskaitė) from Luokė for a 400 Litas transfer from her brothers' bank account on December 12th, 1934. In 2006, the museum collection was supplemented with a home book from Judelis Kacinas who lived on Iždinės Str., Telšiai. It is written in this book that the house inhabitant Bromas Mejeris-Vulfas was brought to Rainiai camp. The oldest manuscript is the written bill in 1833 about local Jews (their surnames are not provided in the bill) who have borrowed 20 Rubles from Jurgis Opulskis, the court judge of Telšiai district. The third group comprises ritual and household items, forty of them in total. There are two crown Torahs with an inscription engraved on one of the crowns. Two Shabbat Becher Cups carry certain inscriptions. There are some small cups, some Shabbat cups, an incense saucer, a tsilin and a ring. The forth group is made up of pictures and negatives. Of special emphasis are the photographers Kaplanskiai 427 glass negatives depicting many local Jews in their public life. [...]. [From the publication]
