Verslo ir švietimo bendradarbiavimas plėtojant pedagoginį profesinį orientavimą Lietuvoje

LTŠalies ekonomikai atsigaunant po krizės, daugelis pramonės įmonių susiduria su kvalifikuotų darbuotojų stygiumi ir tuo pat metu, statistika rodo, jog Lietuvoje sparčiai daugėja asmenų, įgijusių aukštojo mokslo diplomą, o po to stojančiųjų mokytis į profesines mokyklas, nes darbo rinkoje negali surasti darbo pagal įgytą universitetinį išsilavinimą. Tokie faktai, kai valstybėje dalis specialistų, įgijusių universitetinį išsilavinimą, tęsia mokslus profesinėse mokyklose, byloja, jog visuomeniniai ir asmeniniai resursai, įdėti į ankstesnį profesinį parengimą, labai smarkiai nuvertėja, o žmogiškasis kapitalas, lemiantis darbuotojų produktyvumą kuriant ekonomines vertybes, tampa ne visuomet efektyviai ir racionaliai panaudotas. Ieškant sprendimų, subalansuoti darbo rinkoje specialistų pasiūlą ir jų paklausą, racionaliai panaudoti turimą žmogiškąjį kapitalą, straipsnyje analizuojama įmonių, įstaigų bei švietimo organizacijų bendradarbiavimo būtinybė plėtojant pedagoginį profesinį orientavimą Lietuvoje bei pagrindžiama ūkio subjektų dalyvavimo būtinybė profesinio orientavimo veikloje. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Žmogiškasis kapitalas; Pedagoginis profesinis orientavimas; Verslo vadyba; Žmonių išteklių vadyba; Verslo ir švietimo įstaigų bendradarbiavimas; Human capital; Vocational guidance; Business management; Human resources management; Cooperation between business and education providers.

ENUpon entry into the information age human capital became the prime stimulant and driving factor of economic growth. Since the core of human capital consists of professions, therefore there is a direct relationship between the theory of human capital and it‘s vocational guidance. The presence of such relationships brings out the necessity to enhance the contents of this orientation and its functions because professional orientation becomes an important means of gathering, shaping and further effective utilization of human capital. A system of vocational guidance in a nation-state cannot effectively function, without the participation of its enterprises, offices and organizations, independent of their size or forms of ownership, because vocational guidance is an integral part of human resource management, assisting to ensure its human capital needs. However, the reality of life shows that in Lithuania the enterprises and organizations do not realize, sufficiently enough, their place, role and function in the processes of selection of professions and vocational guidance, nor do they see in their structures the effects on human capital formation and fostering for its effective utilization. Therefore, in Lithuania, more than a small part of social responsibility for present deformations in national labor market can be attributed to the enterprises and organizations themselves. Consequently, enterprises and organizations seeking to ensure their internal need for human capital should assume a role not of a passive observer, but of an active participant in vocational guidance.In order to ascertain effective and competitive operation of enterprises and organizations as well as to satisfy their changing needs regarding human capital is possible only when there is an effectively operating vocational guidance system; when people making their occupational choice can consider the needs of economy; when they choose professions that are needed by enterprises and organizations; when it is possible to ascertain the quantity of workers in the labor market. All this is possible to achieve only by having competent specialist of human resource management, who know how to coordinate planning of workforce needs with implementation of vocational guidance as well as who are capable of coordinating the needs of the enterprise with the interests of those selecting their professions, thus knowing how to introduce new professions into Lithuanian labor market. Therefore, in order to achieve a balance between the supply and demand in the labor market for more effective utilization of human capital, it would be appropriate to augment the human resource programs in institutions of higher learning by including in them a course for vocational guidance. By having in enterprises and organizations prepared specialists of vocational guidance would meet the prerequisites needed to elevate it to a new level by creating a National Program for Professional Orientation. [From the publication]