Skirtingų gyventojų grupių darbo pasiūlos ir paklausos suderinamumo problemos

LTSmarkiai sumažėjus nedarbui ir išaugus gyventojų migracijai, darbo rinkoje Atsirado daug neužpildytų darbo vietų. Norint sėkmingai didinti užimtumą ir Išlaikyti aukštus šalies ekonomikos auginio tempus, būtina nuodugniai ištirti darbo pasiūlos ir paklausos suderinamumo ir nepakankamo darbo vietų užpildymo problemas. Skirtingoms gyventojų grupėms, kurios nevienodai prisitaiko prie šiuolaikinės darbo rinkos požymių, šios problemos nevienodai reikšmingos. Tai lemia šio straipsnio aktualumą. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Darbo paklausa; Darbo pasiūla; Darbo rinka; Skurdas; Socialinė grupė; Struktūrinis nedarbas; Labor demand; Labor market; Labor supply; Labour demand; Labour market; Labour supply; Poverty; Social group; Structural unemployment.

ENThis article contains the evaluation of labour demand and supply adequacy to vocational groups of the unemployed with work experience, including the group of unqualified people. According to our estimations, the chances for the problematic unemployed of integrating themselves into labour market are not equal in different regions. It enables us to analyse the labour demand and supply inadequacy of this social group in different regions. Moreover, the priority is given to the evaluation of chances of integration into labour market for youth and people with higher education. Thus it can be stated that the situation evaluation involves not only these problematic population groups that are more likely to be socially separated (the unemployed, unqualified workers etc.), but also higher schools graduates and their chances to enroll into labour market. The latter depend on labour demand and supply proportions for different professions. The criteria applied for labour demand and supply adequacy are employment rate and other labour market indexes. Another priority in this publication is given to vacancy filling availability study, which is highly related to present topical economic issues and poor labour market conjuncture. Information sources used in this article are data from different sociological researches as well as Lithuanian Labour Exchange and Department of Statistics.With the purpose to reveal vacancies filling problems, on August-September yеаг 2006 Institute of Labour and Social Research performed sociological survey of Vilnius labour exchange tending employers (managing staff). Employer's research results show that the main reasons of workforce fluctuation are - the lack of permanent workers in companies (constant workers fluctuation), companies can't pay higher wage (these answers were chosen respectively by 46,2 % and 44,1 % of respondents). Fewer employers appointed migration to abroad (37,2 %) as the main reason of workers fluctuation. Employers also think that especially essential vacancies filling problem is the lack of good specialists (this answer was chosen by 55 % of respondents). Talking about others vacancies filling problems, employers mostly highlighted work payment Problems, workers migration, lack of qualification and practical skills. [From the publication]