Lėtinių neurologinių sutrikimų įtaka vaikų gyvenimo kokybei

LTStraipsnyje pateikta neurologinių sutrikimų samprata, aptartos lėtinius neurologinius susirgimus sukeliančios priežastys, pateikta trumpa vaikų cerebrinio paralyžiaus (VCP) klasifikacija ir juo sergančiu vaikų psichologinė charakteristika. Nustatytos šiomis ligomis sergančių vaikų, jų tėvų ir pedagogų problemos, aptartos visais atvejais, atsižvelgiant į neįgalių vaikų specialiuosius poreikius, taikomos ugdymo formos, socialinio pedagogo vaidmuo, gerinant vaikų gyvenimo kokybę. Remiantis atliktų tyrimų duomenimis, nustatyta, kad VCP ir kitais neurologiniais susirgimais sergančių vaikų gyvenimo kokybei neigiamos įtakos turi jų specialieji poreikiai – vaikai yra uždaresni, nepasitiki savo jėgomis, pamokų metu jiems trūksta aktyvumo, tačiau jie turi savų pomėgių ir draugų. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Centrinė nervų sistema; Centrinė nervų sistema (CNS); Neurodinaminio vystymosi terapija; Neurodinaminio vystymosi terapija (NDT); Pedagoginė psichologinė tarnyba; Pedagoginės psichologinės tarnybos; Pedagoginės psichologinės tarnybos (PPT); Specialieji ugdymosi poreikiai; Specialieji ugdymosi poreikiai (SUP); Vaikų cerebrinis paralyžius; Vaikų cerebrinis paralyžius(VCP); Central nervous system; Cerebral palsy of children; Educational psychological service; Neurodynamic development therapy; Special educational needs.

ENArticle presents the conception of neurological disorders and the reasons which may cause chronic neurological diseases. The work also contains a short classification of VCP and characteristics of children who have VCP. In this article some problems which are encountered by children who suffer from VCP or any other chronic neurological disease are identified as well problems of their parents and teachers during the process of education. Forms of education, which are always applied considering special needs of disable children, the role of a social educator, improving the quality of life of disable children are also considered in this article. Relying on the data of the accomplished survey, it is stated that special needs of children, who have VCP or any other chronic neurological disease, influence their quality of life in an unfavourable way. Disable children are less self-confident, less open, they lack active participation during classes, yet, they also have their own hobbies and friends. Conclusions. The development of VCP and other neurological diseases is based on inherent pathology and it means various inherited illness, pathology of mother’s pregnancy, infections (such as meningitis or encephalitis) during infancy, various head traumas and genetic diseases. There are also unidentified reasons if both parents are physically and mentally healthy. Most of children with VCP or other chronic neurological diseases having movement disorders or movement disability are educated in public schools, together with physically healthy children, which means that they are fully integrated; they can also be taught in special education institutions (fully or partial integrated); at home – since child’s birth until the age of 3 years; in families; in various patronage, healthcare or other institutions, which are approved by the Department of Education and Science, the Department of Healthcare and the department of Social Security.Most vital problems of teachers of children with CVP or other neurological disorder are that children themselves do not have any motivation for studying, teachers are also overcharged, because there are not enough of them and finally, the help of parents is also absent. The most essential reasons for the bad quality of life of children with VCP or any other neurological disorder in Vilnius’ catholic school are their special needs: lack of head movement or speaking control; intellectual and speaking disorders; speaking, speech and hearing disorders; isolated seizures of epilepsy as well as swallow and eating problems; also children with VCP may be affected by mild limb movement disorders, urinary and bowel problems. Despite all these reasons, disable children still have their own hobbies, friends, although they are less open, less self-confident and particularly active during classes. [From the publication]

• Sociologija / Sociology
• Psichologija / Psychology
• Edukologija / Education