Žemaitijos bajorų įvardijimas 1528 m. dokumente

• Lietuvių kalba / Lithuanian
• Anglų kalba / English

LTStraipsnyje tiriamas 1528 m. LDK kariuomenės dokumentuose užrašytų Žemaitijos bajorų – vyrų ir moterų – vardynas. Pirmiausia pateikiami populiariausi vardai, po to aprašomi įvardijimo tipai, įvardijimo struktūra, patroniminė įvardijimo sistema, nurodoma galima pavardė, palyginamas vyrų ir moterų vardynas. Kalbant apie vyrų vardyną, straipsnyje vartojamas potencialiosios pavardės terminas. Tuo metu tikrų pavardžių dar turbūt nebuvo arba jų buvo labai mažai. Vyrų potencialiąja pavarde laikomas asmenvardis antroje arba trečioje įvardijimo pozicijoje, kuris ateityje galėjo virsti pavarde. Kalbant apie moterų vardyną, vartojamas šeimos asmenvardžio terminas. Moterų šeimos asmenvardžiais vadinami iš šeimos narių asmenvardžių sudaryti antroponimai. Moterų ir vyrų įvardijimus sudaro asmenvardžiai ir prievardžiai. Prievardžiai skirstomi į keturias leksines–semantines grupes: luomo, pareigybės, tautybės, šeimyninės padėties ir giminystės prievardžius. Pagal asmenvardžių skaičių įvardijimai skirstomi į vienanarius, dvinarius, trinarius. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Andronimas; Antroponimas; Asmenvardis; Lietuvos Didžioji Kunigaikštystė (LDK; Grand Duchy of Lithuania; GDL); Patronimas; Prievardis; Tėvavardis; Vardynas; Įvardijimas; Žemaitija (Samogitia); Anthroponym; Anthroponym, andronym, patronym; Names; Naming; Onomastics; Patronym; Prename; Samogitia; Samogitian.

ENPaper analyses the 1528 year documents recorded by the military officers of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, in which the male and female names of aristocrats were registered. The major part of men’s naming (99.7%) includes proper (personal) names. The most popular names were John, Stanislaw, Peter, George, Matthew. Canonical Christian name forms were more frequent than folk (i.e., national) ones. They comprise about 58.3%. The mixed type was the most popular among the types of men’s naming (95.2%); 4.5 % included only personal names, and 0.5% include only potential surnames. The majority of male namings were recorded with a single patronymic (93.2%). Two were found only in 0.3% of the namings. Personal names which are not suffix derivatives were recorded in 1.7% of the namings. The "sk" type anthroponyms were recorded with 0.9% of male namings. The length of men’s namings made from 1 to 3 anthroponyms, the majority of them being two-member (95.4%). One-member namings comprised 4.5%, and three-member cases made only 0.1%. Average length was 1.96 of anthroponym. Only a small number of men’s namings (2.3%) had prenames, most often one, and only sometimes – two. Actually, the post–prenames prevail (42.1%). The namings including the family status and relationship made 10.5% as well as nationality related prenames (10.5%)d . The namings with class prenames comprise about 36.8%. Patronyms were most often formed with the help of Slavonic patronymic suffixes (86.4%). The recorded Lithuanian patronymic suffixes are: –aitis (98.5%), –ūnas (1%),–ėnas (0.5%). About one third of female namings were recorded with proper (i.e., personal) names (29.5%).The most popular female names were Barbara, Dorothy, Catherine, Marion. All the women’s names were calendar Christian names. The majority of them were recorded in canonical forms. The most frequent were the namings including solely family anthroponyms (70.5%). Mixed naming was found in 26.2%; and the ones without family anthroponyms comprise 3.3% of female namings. The majority of female namings included andronyms (95.1%). All of them are the derivatives of the Slavonic suffixes –ovaja/–jevaja. Female patronyms were found only in 0.8% of the namings. The anthroponym from the name of the spouse’s father were recorded in 13.1% of the namings. Prenames (i. e., common words explaining proper names) were found in the majority of cases (83.6%). As a rule, a single prename was used. The prenames explaining the family status and relationship prevailed (98%). Class–related prenames comprise about 2% of the female namings. Nationality and post prenames are absent. The length of female namings is from 1 to 3 anthroponym. The majority of female namings are one–member (61.5%). About one third of them were two– member (37.7%), and only very few are three–member (0.8%). The average length of the naming makes 1.39 of the anthroponym. The majority of female namings were recorded with the family anthroponyms (96.7%). Most often they consist of the spouse’s anthroponyms (98.3%) and rather seldom of the father–in–law (0.8%) or brother–in–law anthroponyms (0.8%). The diversity in the standards of the noblemen’ and noblewomen’ naming in the discussed period is rather distinct. [From the publication]