Etninės muzikos gaivinimo judėjimas Lietuvoje XX a. - XXI a. pradžioje: tradicijos ir modernumo sąveika

LTEtninės muzikos judėjimo tradicijos ir modernumo sąveika buvo vienas svarbiausi veiksnių, skatinusių šį reiškinį. Kilęs su nacionalinio išsivadavimo judėjimu XIX a. pabaigoje, šis sąjūdis veikė tautinę savimonę ir etninį bei kultūrinį tapatumą. Iki Lietuvos Respublikos atkūrimo teigiamai vertinti visi etninės muzikos gaivinimo būdai, vėliau iškilo tautinio uždarumo ir integracijos į Europos kultūros klausimai. Pradėtas stilizacijos kelias, tapęs ir etninės muzikos profesionalėjimo pagrindu. Pokaryje jis padėjo atsispirti ir Lietuvos visuomenės sovietizacijai. 1968 m. kilęs folklorinių ansamblių sąjūdis dėl tradicijos prieš modernumą persvaros tolesnę integraciją pristabdė. Tačiau apklausos duomenys rodo, kad organizatoriai ir žiūrovai nori etninę muziką sieti ne tik su tradicijomis, bet ir su pramoginės muzikos kryptimis, todėl tradicijos ir modernumo sąveika svarbi ir šiandien. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Etninė muzika; Etninė muzika, folkloras, judėjimas, tradicija, modernumas; Tautosaka; Gaivinimas; Judėjimas; Modernumas; Tradicija; Ethnic music; Ethnic music, folklore, movement, tradition, modernity; Folklore; Modernity; Movement; Rebirth; Tradition.

ENArticle deals with the problem of evaluating the interaction of the tradition and modernity on the movement of the ethnic music in the 20th с - beginning of the 21st с. Movement of folklore music in Lithuania has begun and has been connected to the process of the national liberation movement of the end of the 19th and was as one of the most fundamental mean for fortifying the national and cultural identity of the Lithuanians. At the time of the Russian Tsarist' power each form of revealing the ethnic music was supported, while at the time of independent Lithuania Republic public discussion concerning traditional and modern way of fur ther revealing folklore music and musical instrument was arise. The way of integration to European culture was choose and this way was continued after the World War II, when the movement of folklore ensembles in 1968 has began. As a result of the researches it is obvious that the folklore music as the most noticeable feature of the peasant culture was revealing of all these more than one hundred year period. This process has been connected to the point of view proclaimed by the leaders of the national liberation movement at the end of the 19th с according to it the peasant's layer speaking Lithuanian of the Lithuanian society had to be constitutive rep resentatives of the modern Lithuanian nation. The peasant's culture of the 19th - the beginning of the 20th cc. with its later stylization and authoriza tion as mostly the ideal model of revealing folk music was choose in this movement at the middle-war period, this model is noticeably as well at the current time. The way of stylization has begun after public discussion in the press of the middle-war Lithuanian Republic concerning the problems of interaction of the traditions and modernity in this process.The stylization and authorization of ethnic music has been continued at the post-war period and this way was exclusive and unique up till 1968, when the movement of the folklore ensembles has began. The folk lore movement began to reveal the authentic music of the rural culture and the problem of interaction of the traditions and modernity arise anew. The results of the interview of the 56 respondents - organizers, leaders, participants of the events of revealing of ethnic music and scholars, who are the experts of this movement, made in the 2011-2013 show that these events continue ethnic traditions and reflects the needs of contemporary society at the same time. According to the opinion of 90 percent of the organizers and scholars and of 63 percents of the spectators the further movement must be based not only on the revealing traditional ethnic music, but include as well the interaction between folk and pop music, because the main purpose of this movement must be to attract the youth to the heritage of Lithuanian ethnic music. The respondents are favorable to all current forms of revealing of ethnic music and the way of stylization and authorization of ethnic music, according to their opinion, are natural continuation and development of the traditions of ethnic music. According to it the presumption is proposed that the movement of folklore music of the 20th - the beginning of the 21st cc. in Lithuania, which in the past and now is founded mainly of the revealing of the features of the peasant's culture, could be appreciated as the relic of the point of view of the national liberation movements not only of the Lithuanians but as well of the like movements of so-called "young, non-historical" nations, which national self-consciousness as well was formed mainly on the basis of the peasant's culture of the 19th - the beginning of the 20th cc. [From the publication]