Iš totalitarizmo į demokratinę visuomenę (Lietuva ir Vidurio bei Rytų Europos šalys 1990-1991 m.)

LTStraipsnis parengtas remiantis tarptautinio tyrimo „Political Culture, Political and Economical Orientations in Central and Eastern Europe during the Transition to Democracy“ duomenimis. Tyrimas vyko Lietuvoje, Vidurio bei Rytų Europos šalyse 1990-1991 m. Pirmoje straipsnio dalyje aptariama tuo metu susiklosčiusi politinė situacija Lietuvoje, politinio aktyvumo charakteristikos įvairiose šalyse, politinės pažiūros kairės-dešinės skalėje, požiūris į demokratinę politinę sistemą, demokratijos vertinimas įvairiose šalyse, pasitikėjimas partijomis, parlamentais bei vyriausybėmis. Antroje - socialinė ekonominė situacija ir jos vertinimai bei lūkesčiai. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Demokratija; Demokratija, politinis aktyvumas, politinės pažiūros, pasitikėjimas partijomis, parlamentais, vyriausybėmis, ekonominė gerovė; Ekonominė gerovė; Pasitikėjimas partijomis, parlamentais, vyriausybėmis; Politinis aktyvumas; Politinės pažiūros; Democracy; Democracy, political activity, trust in parties, government, parliament, economic wellbeing; Economic wellbeing; Political activity; Trust in parties, government, parliament.

ENPaper is prepared on the basis of an international project "Political Culture, Political and Economic Orientations in Central and Eastern Europe during the Transition to Democracy". The survey was carried out in Lithuania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Estonia, Poland, Romania, Slovenia, Ukraine, Hungary in 1990-1991. The majority of Lithuanians intensively read the press, discussed political issues at that time. In the context of other countries, the political activity in Lithuania was above average in many cases. It is possible to explain this empirical fact, because of a complicated political situation during that period (Soviet military structures occupied Lithuanian TV, etc.). On the "left-right" scale a considerable part of the population identified themselves as "centrists" or did not have opinions about it. Absolute majority of the population were for the democratic system and preferred further development as the Western countries did. A majority of the population in Lithuania, as well as in other surveyed countries, was not satisfied with a functioning of the democracy in the country. People did not trust in the political parties, but did trust in the Parliament and the Government at that time. The majority of the population in all countries wanted a market economy and believed in a perfect functioning of this economy. On the other hand, evaluation of the economic situation ofthat period was very negative. But people believed in a considerable improvement of the economic situation of the country and their families in the future. [From the publication]