Vilnietės scenos menininkės: (kodėl) pamirštos XIX a. žvaigždės

LTStraipsnio objektas - mažai tyrinėtos (ar visai netyrinėtos) žymių XIX a. vilniečių scenos menininkių kūrybinės biografijos. Nors „vilniečio" sąvoka gali būti taikoma ne tik Vilniuje gimusiems, bet ir ilgiau jame gyvenusiems bei dirbusiems menininkams, straipsnio apimtis lemia pasirinkimą: jame apsiribota kelių Vilniuje gimusių aktorių ir dainininkių kūrybinės veiklos analize. Įvertinus esamus fragmentiškus duomenis istoriografijoje bei pasitelkus turimus naujus faktus, čia pateikiami keturių būdingų savo laikmečio kūrybinių portretų štrichai: Marcjannos Korwell-Morawskos, Izabellos Górskos, Annos Ksaweros Deybel, Marios Ciechanowicz-Salvini. Publikacijos tikslas - aktualizuoti Lietuvoje ir už jos ribų išgarsėjusių vilniečių moterų pasiektų laimėjimų reikšmingumą. Tema išskleidžiama naudojant analitinį-kritinį, hipotezės bei loginės analizės metodus. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Vilnius; Aktoriai; Dainininkė; Teatras; Muzika; Vilnius; Actress; Singer; Theatre; Music.

ENThe object of the article is the biographies of the famous 19th century actresses and singers from Vilnius, which have not been extensively studied (or have not been studied at all) - Marcianna Korwell-Morawska, Izabella Górska, Anna Ksawera Deybel, and Maria Ciechanowicz-Salvini. The creative portraits of these four women have something in common: they were all born in Vilnius; their families were well known and respected in Lithuania; they were talented; they reached the peak of their professions; and their art was acknowledged and appreciated by worldacclaimed artists. The goal of the publication is to highlight the significance of the achievements of these Vilnius-born females who earned fame both in Lithuania and beyond its borders. The artists under analysis made a considerable contribution to musical and theatrical education and the growing democratisation and professionalisation process in the spheres of art represented by them in Lithuania. These acclaimed women contributed to the development of the city culture and promoted the name of Vilnius and Lithuania in foreign countries.The answer to the question of why these true stars of the 19th century have been forgotten today is not treated as a separate research object in the article. As a rule, the questions of similar type accompany a number of historical research studies, but the circumstance of presenting portraits of four women of similar fate renders a certain exceptionality. In this case, certain causal aspects and the contours of the answer come to the fore by comparing the facts from the biographies analysed: the aspects of the public and social life model and of the presence of priorities (including the role of women in society) in the 19th century are one of those reasons. The gaps missing in the prominent biographies are also determined by a rather uneven research focus in respect of the general 19th century Lithuanian history of culture and the underestimated role of personality-creator in it. [From the publication]