Sintetinių rodiklių pritaikymas Lietuvos regioninei politikai
LTStraipsnyje analizuojama aktuali Lietuvos regioninės politikos problema - tinkamų rodiklių pasirinkimas teritorijos erdvinei diferenciacijai nustatyti. Valdžiai tenka svarbus uždavinys laiku identifikuoti atsiliekančias (socialiniu ir ekonominiu požiūriu) teritorijas, kad galėtų suteikti joms paramą. Tokias teritorijas identifikuoti padeda atitinkami rodikliai. Straipsnio autorė siūlo pritaikyti ES taikomą EEPP kūrėjų pasiūlytą sintetinių rodiklių metodiką. Atliktas duomenų pritaikymas ir standartizavimas savivaldybių lygmeniu, apskaičiuotos koreliacijos ir atlikta faktorinė analizė. Atliekant tyrimą paaiškėjo, kad, nepaisant keleto metodinių nesklandumų, galima sėkmingai pritaikyti sintetinių rodiklių metodiką Lietuvos regioninei politikai. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Regioninė politika; Sintetiniai rodikliai; Teritorinė-erdvinė diferenciacija; Regional policy; Spatial differentiation; Synthetic indicators; Territorial spatial differentiation.
ENRegional policy is a very dynamic and broad concept. As we can see from Lithuanian regional policy, regions can be formed very flexibly, using different spatial areas (counties as well as municipalities). This is justified by the main purpose of regional policy - dealing with social and economic inequality. The aim of the Government is, therefore, to identify the remote territories and to divert certain assistance in time. The Government, however, uses short-handed instruments, namely economic indicators, for the revealing of problem areas in Lithuania. The article argues that this is not enough. The author of the article proposes to adapt synthetic indicators methodology that is used at the EU level. This methodology is created by European researchers under the European Spatial Development Perspective (ESDP) programme. The author of this article aims to adapt this synthetic indicators methodology for the evaluation of territorial-spatial differentiation in Lithuania. For the implementation of this aim, the following tasks are set: to adapt variables used in the ESDP synthetic indicators methodology for Lithuanian regional policy (namely, municipal level as the main actor of regional policy in Lithuania); to calculate adapted variables as synthetic indicators; to compute correlation and factor analysis; to present the results of the calculations listed above in the maps and to provide the tendencies of the results. For the implementation of the aim and the tasks the main data resource is the Indices data base at the Statistical department internet site (namely, the year of 2010, if not indicated otherwise). [...].The process of variable adaptation evolved that there are no particular obstacles for Lithuanian regional policy to adapt the variables proposed in the ESDP synthetic indicators methodology. Only the indicator of spatial integration falls under the question of its usefulness in geographically relatively small space as Lithuania. The author of the article proposes to withdraw this indicator at all. Secondly, the adaptation of the variables for the indicator of natural assets evolved to be not incomplete and need to be revised. Correlation analysis of the variables and the synthetic indicators provided quite strong interrelationships. By the means of the principal component analysis and with respect to the Kaiser criterion a total of four factors is extracted: traditionalism, tourist attractiveness, economic strength and social problems. The amount of total variance of these factors accounts for almost 80 %. This factor analysis revealed that municipalities in Lithuania distinguish as very traditional (in economic terms, i.e. share of agriculture in total economic system still remains very big), unattractive for tourists (poorly developed tourism infrastructure), economic power is concentrated around the biggest three cities and several industry giants, border areas (especially those along Poland and the RF Kaliningrad region's eastern part) are even less developed in economic and social terms. [From the publication]
