Bendrovės visuotinio akcininkų susirinkimo sprendimų negaliojimo pagrindai : bendra apžvalga

LTLietuvos, kaip ir kitų Europos valstybių, teisės aktai numato bendrovės visuotinio akcininkų susirinkimo sprendimų teisėtumo užtikrinimo priemonę – tokių sprendimų pripažinimo negaliojančiais institutą. Civiliniame kodekse išvardijami teisiniai šio instituto taikymo pagrindai. Kita vertus, visuotinio akcininkų susirinkimo sprendimų pripažinimo negaliojančiais pagrindų sistemos skirtingose valstybėse skiriasi. Šiame straipsnyje siekiama pateikti bendrą įstatymo numatytų bendrovės visuotinio akcininkų susirinkimo sprendimų pripažinimo negaliojančiais pagrindų Lietuvos teisėje apžvalgą, minėtų pagrindų sistemą lyginant su užsienio valstybių teisiniu reglamentavimu. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Visuotinis akcininkų susirinkimas; Sprendimų negaliojimas; Sprendimų ginčijimas; Negaliojimo pagrindai; General meeting of shareholders; Nullity of resolutions; Disputing of resolutions; Grounds for nullity; Onon-compliance with imperative norms.

ENThe object of this research is the institute of invalidation of decisions of the shareholders’ general meeting of the company. Challenge of decisions of the general meeting because of theironon-compliance with the imperative statutory norms and incorporation documents is perhaps the basis that is the most frequentlysrelied on for the nullity of decisions of the shareholders‘ general meeting. Thus, it is important to correctly interpret and apply these grounds for nullity. The said issues have not attained proper focus of the Lithuanian legal theorists and no detailed analysis has been carried out in Lithuania in this field. This article firstly provides a legal analysis ofdthosesgrounds. The purpose of the research is to present a detailed analysis of interpretation and application in the Lithuanian case-law of the two grounds for invalidatinf decisions of the shareholders’ general meeting of the company:onon-compliance with the imperative statutory norms and incorporation documents. Various scientific methods have been applied: linguistic, document source content), logical, systematic, comparative, historical, critical analyses, etc. A study revealed that the decision of the shareholders’ general meeting of the company may be declared null and void, not only when its content is contrary to the imperative statutory norms, but also when the procedure for the adoption of the decisiontfails to meet the requirements of the said norms.In addition, the unlawfulness of the decision’s content may be determined on the basis of violation of procedural legal norms established in the Law of the Republic of Lithuania on Companies. ADdecision of the shareholders’ general meeting might also be declared null and void, if it violates thefprocedure for convenin, and conducting the general meeting and decision-making,sas established in the company’s incorporation documents. Among other things, unlawfulness of the decision of a general meeting may be determined by reason of its failureoto comply with the goals of the company’s activity established in its incorporating documentn. This contradiction is usually associated with obvious economic uselessness of the transactios concluded or to be concluded on the basis of a specific decision. [From the publication]