Translation of lithuanian culture-specific items into english

LTStraipsnyje nagrinėjami teoriniai kultūrinių realijų vertimo aspektai ir aptariamos įvairios vertimo strategijos, kurias vertėjams raštu siūlo šiuolaikinis vertimo mokslas. Vertimo strategijos, taikytos lietuvių etnokultūros terminų vertimui į anglų kalbą, buvo analizuojamos atsižvelgiant į teksto tipą, potencialaus skaitytojo poreikius ir kultūrinių realijų unikalumą leidiniuose, publikuotuose Lietuvoje ir už jos ribų 1986-1996 metais. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Vertimo teorija; Vertimo strategija; Terminologija; Etnokultūra.

ENThe analysis of the corpus data allows us to make the following generalizations. First, most translators tend to employ couplets or even triplets in order to render culture-specific items more precisely. The most frequently employed couplet strategies include (1) transference + neutralization (i.e. providing a functional or descriptive equivalent), (2) transference + cultural equivalent, and (3) transference + accepted standard translation (in cases where it exists). Transference evidently dominates in all analysed texts due to the fact that they tent to be more expressive than informative. Other strategies (calques, naturalizations, omissions) were not common because of the function that the target texts have to perform in the target culture, which is to introduce the material and social culture in Lithuania. Notes and glosses were not encountered either. Second, the translation strategy chosen seems to depend on the appearance of the item in the text: the first mentioning of the culture-bound term (transference) is usually accompanied by a descriptive equivalent. Finally, the visual presentation of the Lithuanian word varies much with respect to authors and publication types. The items were italicised, presented in bold, introduced without any special emphasis, or marked in two ways, for example, put into quotation marks and italicised.