Socialinių pakraščių etinės nuostatos : (sociologinė K. Sajos kūrinių analizė)

LTStraipsnyje „Socialinių pakraščių etinės nuostatos" gvildenamos marginalių grupių etinių nuostatų sąsajos su teisingumu. Ankstesniuose žemiausiosios klasės tyrimuose (2003-2010) paaiškėjo, kad marginalių grupių žmonės laikosi savitų nerašytų etikos normų - jas lemia būtinybė prisitaikyti ribinėmis gyvenimo sąlygomis; tos normos - ir tam tikra reakcija į neteisingumą. Straipsnyje gvildenama, kaip visuomenės ir savo paties nuostatas neteisingumo atžvilgiu perteikia rašytojas, publicistas ir politikos veikėjas Kazys Saja 1989-2010 m. skelbtoje kūryboje, kuri tiriama sociologiniu požiūriu kaip tam tikras šiuolaikinės visuomenės būsenos dokumentas. Straipsnio autorės nuomone, rašytojo požiūris į neteisingumą svarbus todėl, kad atskleidžia paties rašytojo ir tam tikros visuomenės dalies - jam artimų profesinių ir politinių visuomenės sluoksnių - nuostatas; ugdo ir įtvirtina spaudą skaitančių piliečių nuostatas; išryškina elgseną, rašytojo supratimu, būdingą visuomenės silpniesiems, ir pabrėžia būtinas etikos taisykles piliečiams, norintiems pritapti prie esamos tikrovės. Svarbiausias elgsenos principas „Neskriausk ir nesileisk skriaudžiamas", rašytojo manymu, būtinas visiems piliečiams - ir stipriesiems, ir silpniesiems. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Etinės nuostatos; K. Sajos kūryba; Marginalios grupės; Neteisingumas; Nuostata nuolankumo atžvilgiu; Teisingumas; Attitude to submission; Attitude towards submission; Ethical attitudes; Injustice; Kazys Saja's writings; Marginal groups.

ENIn the article links between injustice and ethical attitudes of marginal groups are analysed. Previous researches into problems of marginal groups (carried out by scientific workers in the Institute for Social Research in 2004-2009) showed these people have distinctive ethical rules that differ from general norms existing in society. The necessity to adjust themselves to extreme conditions of life determinates these rules; they are certain reactions to social injustice as well. The author analyses the attitude to social injustice conveyed by Kazys Saja in his social and political essays and prose published in 1989-2010. The literary creation of writer and publicist is treated from the sociological standpoint as documents enlightening various sides of contemporary reality. These documents are especially helpful when we try to study people's subjective experience of injustice and their ethical attitudes to it. Writer's approach to injustice is important as it reveals attitudes of certain part of society-professional and political strata that are close to the writer; it brings up and consolidates attitudes of readers; exposes ethical attitudes characteristic of weak members of society (the disabled, the poor and other); accentuates the most important principle of behaviour that is necessary in order to adjust to contemporary reality. Social and political essays published during the last decade in the past century hardly touched on justice. Maybe the consolidation of the independent state and other political issues were more important to the publicist, his publishers and their right-wing readers. Maybe social justice was supposed to grow and strengthen of itself together with the consolidation of the state.Anyhow attitudes to social justice were almost left out of sight. Only the component of the reaction to social injustice-submission-was negatively estimated as a characteristic Lithuanian feature brought up during the long years in enslaved country. The attitudes to injustice took up considerably wider place in writer's prose. The theme of injustice is interpreted in two ways: firstly, schemes of a repayment for wrong are conveyed ( superior powers regulate the balance between right and wrong (good and evil); a man himself rights the wrong). Secondly, people's behaviour as the reaction to injustice is depicted. It splits into two branches: accommodating compliance (mimicry) and non-compliance not only with social injustice, but also in regard to human cognition, human existence in our hostile reality. The principle "Don't do wrong and don't allow others to do wrong to you" is the main writer's and his close strata's ethical attitude, in particular the second part of it. The intrigue of narration and witty stylistics consisting of several different layers also stimulate readers to cherish noncompliant attitude. The change of attitudes encouraged by the writer shows the relative balance between injustice and efforts to right the wrong is disappearing. Only one component of the previous repayment scheme remains unchanged: citizens must defend themselves by their own efforts as state institutions of law and order don't do it. Not a few citizens become equal to marginal strata in this respect; citizens' estrangement from the state is more and more increasing, as our previous researches show. The meaninglessness of human efforts and disappointment in world and state order, as well in society's morals, are becoming clear in writer's works; it is possible that part of our society share these hard feelings. Nevertheless the attitude to unsubmissiveness remains invariable.[...]. [From the publication]

• Sociologija / Sociology
• Literatūrologija / Literary Studies