Žemės privatizavimas ir miestų viešojo naudojimo zonų urbanistinis formavimas

LTPlanuojant miestų ir priemiesčių teritorijas, susiduriama su žemės grąžinimo ir privatizavimo žemėtvarkiniais planais, kurie dažnai būna didelė kliūtis optimaliems urbanistiniams sprendiniams. Ypač daug kliūčių atsiranda išskiriant ir planuojant miestų viešojo naudojimo teritorijas - miško parkus, parkus, skverus, maudymosi vietas ir kt., kurios yra išsidėstę gamtiniu požiūriu vertingiausiose vietovėse. Į šias vietoves yra didžiausias gyvenamosios ir kt. statybos skverbimasis. Nagrinėjama įstatyminė bazė, reguliuojanti miestų viešojo naudojimo zonų planavimą, apžvelgiama tokių zonų kūrimo negatyvi patirtis kai kuriuose miestuose, pateikiami siūlymai minėtai įstatyminei bazei tobulinti. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Miestų bendrasis planavimas; Poilsio; Poilsio zonų planavimas; Teritorijų planavimas; Zonos; Įstatyminė bazė; Žemės privatizavimas; Formation of recreational zones; General town planning; Land privatization; Legal basis; Recreational zones; Territory planning.

ENIn planning town and suburb territories many obstacles are found in the choice and formation of urban zones for public use, such as forests-parks, parks, public gardens, swimming areas, sports territories, etc. These zones are mostly located in the most valuable natural areas where the greatest penetration of housing and other types of construction is observed. Therefore, the mentioned recreational territories are most intensively parcelled and privatized. The paper analyses the legal basis that controls the planning of zones for public use in towns, reveals negative experience connected with the formation of such zones in several towns and presents suggestions for improving the mentioned legal basis. The problems of the urbanistic formation of zones for public use are mainly discussed in certain legal and standard documents of territory planning. However, solutions connected with zone formation may be corrected or even altered by the Law of Land Reform and the Law of the Restoration of Citizens' Property Rights to Surviving Real Estate. The Laws claim that land, forests and waters must be returned to an owner in their original place, thus ignoring the public significance of the territories. Therefore, the most valuable natural areas used for public recreation are distributed and privatized according to the mentioned Laws. Negative examples of such a recreational territory planning are found in Kaunas and Palanga. For improving the distinction and planning of zones for public use in towns, the legal basis must be mercenarily altered by giving priority to urbanistic solutions in town planning against plans connected with land privatization and land management in the sphere of land returning. [Text from author]

• Sociologija / Sociology
• Istorija / History