Folklorinė veikla ir kultūrinės erdvės formavimas Šiaurės Lietuvoje

LTFolkloro ansambliai yra tapę neatsiejama įvairių etnokultūrinių renginių dalimi. Įvairūs folkloro festivaliai, kurių Lietuvoje kasmet įvyksta per 40, mugės, kalendorinės šventės neįsivaizduojamos be liaudies muzikantų ar dainininkų. Folkloro kolektyvų vaidmuo šiuose renginiuose svyruoja nuo ,,muzikinio fono“ iki ,,šventės sielos“. Kokios priežastys lemia tokią plačią amplitudę? Kodėl vieno kolektyvo veikla vos rusena, o kitas nebesutalpina visų norinčiųjų jame dalyvauti? Kiek aplinka lemia ansamblio veiklą ir atvirkščiai?. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Erdvė; Tautosaka; Kaimas; Kultūra; Miestas; Veikla; Šiaurės Lietuva; Activity; City; Countryside; Culture; Folklore; North Lithuania; Northern Lithuania; Space.

ENThe article describes how the folklore ensembles shape and change the environment – local cultural space and place. While talking with the leaders of the ensembles the greatest attention was paid to the following aspects: what events they organize and take part in, how such events are important to local communities and under what conditions the activities of the ensembles are carried out. The object of investigation is children’s and adult folklore ensembles of Pakruojis, Pasvalys and Joniškis districts. In May of 2012, 135 respondents took part in a survey. The survey revealed which forms of folklore ensembles’ ethnocultural activities are the most important in the local rural and urban communities. It assessed what contribution to cultural events makes children’s and adult folklore ensembles, and analyzed under what conditions their musical activities are carried out. The activities of folklore ensembles in Northern Lithuania and their influence on their communities are revealed through various calendar events, festivals, fairs, and educational programs. Such activities are very important to the communities of small towns and villages. In the ethnographic regions of Žemaitija, Suvalkija and Dzūkija all calendar events with the exception of Midsummer’s Day the children’s folk ensembles celebrate more actively. And in Northern Lithuania adult folk ensembles more actively organize Advent evenings, and celebrate Midsummer’s Day and Shrovetide. The activities of folklore ensembles shape the ethnocultural space more significantly in small communities, i.e. in villages and small towns. Folklore ensembles in cities make efforts creating a counterbalance to a prevailing pop culture, however, in the cultural space of a city they are “seen” less. Members of rural folklore ensembles are more closely related to local communities and their environment.These ethnomusical communities have also a natural, not organized “from above” wish to enrich their place by creative and folklore activities. Comparing the conditions of folklore ensembles’ activities in cities and small towns and especially villages it was discovered that the rehearsal conditions of some rural folklore ensembles were poor, however, their environment and community were more “friendly” to their activities. And in cities – on the contrary: conditions for folklore activities were better, however, urban environment is unrewarding, even hostile to folklore events and the urban community assesses these events rather indifferently. There is also a tendency that in the provinces the people themselves try to maintain the local cultural identity; they do not wait for the encouragement of the authorities and the attention of the press and television. The investigation has shown that the main factor making the ethnocultural heritage topical is the enthusiasm, creativity and civic awareness of the members and leaders of the ensembles. [From the publication]