Vadovų asmeninės atsakomybės institutas Lietuvos konkurencijos teisėje : naujovės, problemos ir ateitis

LTStraipsnyje siekiama įvertinti naujojo vadovų asmeninės atsakomybės instituto reglamentavimo Lietuvoje ypatumus (subjektus; veiksmus, už kuriuos dėl konkurencijos teisės pažeidimo gali būti taikomos sankcijos, ir kitus aspektus). Straipsnyje atskleidžiamos esamos ir galimos vadovų atsakomybės instituto taikymo problemos, atsižvelgiant į aktualią teismų praktiką, užsienio šalių patirtį ir atliktą mokslinę analizę. Be to, analizuojama galimybė tobulinti vadovų asmeninės atsakomybės institutą numatant ne tik administracinę, bet ir baudžiamąją atsakomybę, kurią įtvirtina vis daugiau ES valstybių narių. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Vadovai; Asmeninė atsakomybė; Konkurecijos teisė; Executives; Personal liability; Law on competition.

ENThe international practice shows that in order to efectivelly fight against the breaches of competition law, it is necessary to impose the sanctions not only to undertakings, but also for its executives, which mostly are responsible for such illegal actions. For this reason on 1 May 2011 the Law on Competition of the Republic of Lithuania introduced the institute of executives’ personal liability for the breach of competition law, i.e. illegal agreements between the competitors as well as the abuse of the dominant position on the market. This new institute may have a positive effect in the cases where the shareholders claim for the compensation from the executive as it eases the burden of proof. However, dispite the good start, this new legislation still has the theorical and practical cons: the exent of executive’s liability is unclear, especially, when the executive "ought to have known" about the breach of the laws in the company; there is no mechanism to impose the sanctions for the executives of the foreign undertakings as well as its branches operating in Lithuania; in some situations, such legislation may be held a breach of non bis in idem principle, i.e., no one shall be twice tried for the same offence. Some of the above mentioned problems will be solved through the case law, whereas the rest of them will have to be corrected by the legislators as well as the Competition Council of Lithuania, which has to issue the explanations and recommendations of the legislation, as it was made in the United Kingdom and other countries. Finally, this article evaluates the possibility to introduce the criminal liability of the executives in the future, as it is regulated in the growing number of countries, therefore the possible practicle problems were analised, which must be considered. [From the publication]