Šiuolaikinio registruoto nusikalstamumo Lietuvoje pagrindiniai bruožai

LTStraipsnyje pateikiama šiuolaikinio registruoto nusikalstamumo Lietuvoje statistinių duomenų kriminologinė analizė. Analizuojamas 2004-2011 m. laikotarpis apima nuoseklios valstybinės nusikalstamų veikų ir asmenų, įtariamų jas padarius, registracijos laikotarpį, kai nebuvo didesnių baudžiamųjų įstatymų pakeitimų. Straipsnyje analizuojami pagrindiniai šiuolaikinio nusikalstamumo paplitimo rodikliai (būklė, lygis), šių rodiklių teritoriniai ypatumai mieste ir kaime, užregistruotų nusikaltimų struktūros pagal nusikaltimų rūšis dinamika, nagrinėjami šiuolaikinio nusikalstamumo struktūros pokyčiai ekonominės krizės laikotarpiu bei asmenų, įtariamų padarius nusikalstamas veikas, struktūros pokyčiai pagal amžių, lytį, užimtumą, nusikalstamo elgesio pakartotinumą bei grupiškumą. Analizuojama taip pat ir šių asmenų fizinė psichologinė būsena nusikalstamos veikos darymo metu (neblaivūs, apsvaigę nuo kitų narkotinių medžiagų). Straipsnyje atskirai analizuojami duomenys apie suaugusius ir nepilnamečius fizinius bei juridinius asmenis. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Asmenys; Asmenys, įtariami padarę nusikalstamas veikas; Baudžiamieji nusižengimai; Nusikalstamos veikos; NusikalstamumasLietuvoj; Nusikaltimai; Statistiniai duomenys; Įtariami padarę nusikalstamas veikas; Crimes; Criminal offences; Criminality in Lithuania; Misdemeanours; Offences; Persons charged with criminal; Statistical data.

ENArticle refers to the main features of contemporary criminality in Lithuania. The period of analysis of those main features is 2004-2011. From 2004, a period of stable state registration of criminality, i.e. a period without significant changes in criminal laws commenced. The article deals with the analysis of spreading criminality in Lithuania, and the main socio-demographical features of persons charged with criminal offences. The registered number of criminal offences in 2011 decreased by about 15%, compared to 2004. The largest decrease was recorded in 2007. Yet during the economic crisis, after 2007, the number of registered criminal offences slightly increased, however, as has already been mentioned, the registered number of criminal offences in 2011 was 15% less. Nevertheless, we must bear in mind that the changes in criminality came two-three years after certain social changes, in this case – the economic crisis. The characteristic features of the contemporary criminality in Lithuania are: the tendency of decrease in violent crimes (homicides, rapes, serious bodily injuries). During the researched period, the number of homicides decreased by 39%, of serious bodily harms – by 56%; and of rapes and attempts – by 26.5%. Another tendency is the decrease in property crimes. The most widespread property crime is theft. The registered number of thefts decreased by 25%. Among them, the registered number of car thefts decreased the most – by 65%; and the decrease of domestic burglaries amounted to 55.5%. The registered number of robberies decreased by 53%.During the researched period, destruction of or damage to property and swindling – their registered number – increased by 80% and 92% respectively. In the countries with much more developed market economy than in Lithuania (e. g. in Scandinavian countries), the indicators of those crimes are 2 to 3 times higher. This means, firstly, that in future the number of those crimes in Lithuania will increase; secondly, the decrease in violent crimes and the increase of swindling means that market economy in Lithuania has become more developed than before. In Lithuania, the number of persons charged with criminal offences during the researched period tended to decrease, but not much, only by 12%. Some socio-demographic characteristics of persons charged with criminal offences are: juveniles make up 15%; traditionally, they are men, but in contemporary criminality in Lithuania we observe a small (only by 3%) increase of women; the increase in the number of persons aged from 18 to 24 is observed, and it seems that the socio-economic situation of this age group has become more complicated; during the economic crisis in Lithuania, the number of unemployed and not studying persons increased significantly (up to 60% in the structure of all registered persons charged with criminal offences) and almost reached a problematic situation that existed during the transitional period from socialist economy to market economy, from totalitarian society to democratic society (before 2000). [From the publication]