Viešosios šeimos politikos realumas: galimybės nustatyti priemonių ryšį su rezultatu

LTSiekiant išspręsti demografines, lyčių lygybės, darbo ir šeimos derinimo problemas viena sričių, kuriose valstybė imasi tam tikrų veiksmų, yra viešoji šeimos politika. Tai visuma sprendimų ir juos įgyvendinančių priemonių, kuriomis valstybė ketina pasiekti pageidaujamą rezultatą. Pavyzdžiui, siekiant didinti gimstamumą gyventojai skatinami priimti sprendimą susilaukti vaikų finansinėmis, užimtumo, būsto suteikimo ir kitokiomis garantijomis. Tačiau galima pastebėti, kad ne visais atvejais naudojamos priemonės leidžia pasiekti norimą rezultatą. Straipsnyje analizuojama, kuo vadovautis norint pasirinkti tokį šeimos politikoje naudojamą priemonių derinį, kuris leistų tikėtis pasirinktų priemonių efektyvumo. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Politikos priemonės; Politikos priemonės ir rezultatai; Politikos rezultatai; Viešoji šeimos politika; Šeimos politika; Family policy; Policy measures; Policy measures and outcomes; Policy outcomes; Public family policy.

ENEvery country has its own family policy aims and wide scope of measures to choose from for the implementation thereof. Naturally it is or should be expected to make choices which lead to the greatest fulfilment of the envisaged result. However, the experience of different countries shows that countries which chose similar measures for the achievement of the same goals receive different outcomes. This allows raising a question: what are the most important determinants for the success of the family policy? How to know what measures must be chosen for the achievement of the set goals? The article consists of two major parts. The first part describes aims, separate measures, system of measures and the possible complexes of measures in the disposition of a country. In other words, this part determines the possible variations for the choice of public family policy measures in any country as a background for analysis of possibilities to determine the coherence between family policy measures and family policy outcomes. The second part analyses the researches establishing the coherence between the family policy measures and the outcomes thereof. First of all, a simple impact model from the outlook of a policy maker is analysed, i.e. the way from the variety of possible public family policy measures to the selection of particular measures (analysing the motives for the selection of particular measures) and from the selection of particular measures to the attainment of particular outcomes (seeking to evaluate the possible effect of external factors).Later on, the part describes the family policy result from the outlook of persons who display the outcomes of family policies, i.e. receivers of particular policy measures. In such case, the reference point is a person, who takes the particular decision which is the aim of policy makers. The whole family policy is taken as stimulation for the making of such decision. Finally, this part analyses a closed system, where both policy makers and subjects to whom family policy is directed are treated as an integral part of a system, interdependent with other factors within the system. In this situation, neither policy makers nor families or family members are regarded as independent actors. The findings of the article provide recommendations for public policy makers in the procedure of formulation of family policy measures. [From the publication]

• Politikos mokslai / Political sciences
• Sociologija / Sociology