LTŽemės ūkio verslo subjektų veiklos specifika pasižymi tuo, kad žemės ūkio verslas yra remiamas, skiriant žemdirbiams dotacijas ir subsidijas. Šios paramos priemonės sąlygoja žemės ūkio įmonių ir ūkininkų ūkių finansinę padėtį, kuri nustatoma atliekant finansų analizę. Dėl minėtos specifikos straipsnyje nagrinėjamas turto dotacijų ir dotacijų, susijusių su pajamomis, poveikis žemės ūkio verslo subjektų finansiniam stabilumui, pelningumui ir apyvartumui. Be to, žemės ūkio verslo subjektų turto sudėtyje yra biologinio turto, kuris daro poveikį mokumo ir apyvartumo rodikliams, todėl straipsnyje tiriami ir su šiuo turtu siejami finansų analizės ypatumai. Straipsnyje taip pat akcentuojama ir finansinių metų svarba žemė ūkyje. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Apyvartumas; Biologinis turtas; Dotacijos; Mokumas; Pelningumas; Stabilumas; Biological asset; Grants; Liquidity; Profitability; Solvency; Stability; Turnover; Turnover ratio.
ENPeculiarities of financial analysis of agricultural business entities depend on these main factors: grants, biological asset and financial year. When the stability of an agricultural company or a farmer's farm is analysed, the unused grants must be added to the debt capital. The reason is that an agency which administrates the grants has a right to recapture all grants or the part of the grants in the case if a business entity does not meet the requirements of an agency. When the financial leverage effect is calculated, the grants must be added to the equity because the interests are not paid on the grants. Therefore, the interface between financial stability and grants is not homogeneous. The different grants have different influence on financial ratios. Unused (unamortized) grants influence on invested capital, used (amortized) grants influence on income and profit (both gross and net). This influence is different and in most cases is large.In order to calculate liquidity and turnover ratios, the biological asset must be divided into current and fixed asset. Biological asset, such as crop, must be treated as current asset, perennial plants – as fixed asset. The problem is with the division of animals, because part of them (which can be realized during one year) is treated as current asset, part of them (such as cows, sows) – as fixed asset. Agricultural entities especially which the main business is plant growing the large part of investments implement in one year, the benefit gain in the other year. In order to reduce the gap between the investments and benefit, and less to pervert the profitability, liquidity and turnover ratios, it is purposive to relate the financial year with the start of the business cycle. [From the publication]