Egzistencijos tipai Ričardo Gavelio romane "Vilniaus pokeris"

LTR. Gavelio kūrybos perskaitymas lietuvių literatūroje vis dar išlieka problemiškas. Autoriaus romanų recepcija yra prieštaringa, balansuojanti tarp modernizmo ir postmodernizmo teorijų. Straipsnyje analizuojamas vienas reikšmingiausių Gavelio romanų – „Vilniaus pokeris“. Tyrimas pagrįstas prielaida, jog postmodernioji kūrinio kompozicija slepia modernistinę romano koncepciją. Straipsnio tikslas – aktualizuoti postmodernistinę-modernistinę „Vilniaus pokerio“ poetiką, išskirti ir analizuoti egzistencijos tipus romane. Postkolonialistinė sulaužyto žmogaus būtis tyrime priešinama su autentiškos egzistencijos siekiniu ir galimybe. Autentiškos būties sąvoka straipsnyje analizuojama, remiantis Martino Heideggerio, Söreno Kierkegaardo, Martino Buberio filosofija. Dialogiško pasakojimo samprata siejama su Michailo Bachtino įžvalgomis. Darytina išvada, jog prasminė „Vilniaus pokerio“ kvintesencija yra modernistinė. Autentiškos būties siekinys romane yra dialogiškas, tačiau iki galo nerealizuotas. Siekiantysis tikrosios egzistencijos pasiklysta postmodernistiniame niekio žaidime. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Autentiška būtis; Dekonstrukcija; Dialogiškumas; Egzistencializmas; Egzistencializmas,; Literatūra; Lietuvių romanas; Monologiškumas; Polifoniškumas; Postkolonializmas; Postmodernizmas; Ričardas Gavelis; Romanas; Authentic being; Deconstruction; Dialogism; Existentialism; Lithuanian literature; Lithuanian novel; Monologism; Polyphony; Postcolonialism; Postmodernism; Ričardas Gavelis.

ENReception of R. Gavelis’s works still remains problematic. The conception of the author’s novels is controversial, balancing between theories of modernism and postmodernism. This article focuses on one of Gavelis’s most significant novels, "Vilnius poker". The analysis is based on the assumption that the postmodern structure hides the modern conception of the novel. The aims of the article are to actualize a modernpostmodern poetics and to analyze the types of existence in the romance. The possibilities of an authentic existence are analyzed in contrast to the monological, postcolonialistic "broken human being". The analysis of the concept of authentic being is based on the philosophies of Heidegger and Kierkegaard. The concepts of dialogical and monological being are based on the works of Bakhtin and Buber. The article is based on hermeneutic methodology and the theory of dialogue. The concept of authentic being is analyzed in the context of existentialism. In the theoretical part, the author describes the problems of authentic dialogical being in general, and analyses the context of existentialism and the differences between dialogue and monologue. In the first practical part, the types of the monological being in "Vilnius poker" are analyzed. In the second one, the concept of authentic being in "Vilnius poker" is analyzed.Article draws the following conclusions: the authentic being is dialogical, polyphonic, polemic; the non-authentic being is monologicalsolypsistic-not asking, not polemic, not questioning the secrets of being, and telling only one "truth". The monological being of the novel "Vilnius poker" is typical of homo lituanicus and homo sovieticus existential characters. The authentic being characterizes the protagonist Vytautas Vargalys. The dialogism of true existence is expressed by rebellious, unmasking being, the polemic with himself, the gifts of the world (inner monologue), and the others (real dialogue). The authentic being of Vytautas Vargalys is created from the senses (smell), bodies (eroticism), speaking, and musical dialogues. Unfortunately, the main character is unable to fully express his authentic being: the monological atmosphere, broken identity, and non-telling language are the main impediments to living a true dialogical life. [From the publication]