Vaikų ir paauglių užimtumo teisinio reguliavimo problemos

LTStraipsnyje nagrinėjamos vaikų ir paauglių užimtumo problemos rinkos ekonomikos sąlygomis, jų darbinis teisinis subjektiškumas, papildomos garantijos įsidarbinti, mokymosi ir darbo suderinimo galimybė nustatant tam tikras darbo laiko normas ir apribojimus, nepilnamečių užimtumo ir nusikalstamumo ryšys. Straipsnio tikslas - remiantis Lietuvos Respublikos darbo įstatymų ir tarptautinių darbo standartų analise suformuluoti mokslines rekomendacijas, kaip turėtų būti sprendžiamos vaikų ir paauglių užimtumo problemos, kad atitiktų tarptautinius standartus. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Darbo santykiai; Darbo sąlygos; Darbo teisė; Jaunimas; Jaunimo užimtumas; Jaunimo įdarbinimas; Užimtumas, vaikai, jauni darbuotojai, mokymasis, darbo laikas; Vaikų darbas; Employment, children, young workers, education, working time; Labour law; Labour relations; Work of children; Working conditions; Youth; Youth employment.

ENThe aim of employment may be achieved by various means. On the one hand - by creating conditions for juvenile employment enabling young people to secure their welfare. On the other hand - by the state ensuring possibilities for young people under age of 18 to educate themselves and to acquire quality general education. It is up to the state to foresee the measures ensuring there is always a need for ongoing education as well as create a procedure of professional training enabling every single adolescent who is willing to work to acquire qualifications that would be competitive on the labour market. These goals could be attained by developing legal regulation of employment relations, by creating more favorable conditions for child and juvenile education. Legal employment capacity of children and juveniles is being dealt with in this article, by concluding that upon employment at the age of 14 in the sphere of employment relations and labour disputes a child is entitled to the same rights and advantages as adult employees in addition to some extra advantages related to work and rest time regime. The author of this article would be of the opinion that minimum age for admission to employment relations should be 16 years of age, i.e. age where a person has already completed his/her basic education and has no further interest in pursuing his/her studies.Wigent problems concerning employment of adolescents from rural areas are being raised in the article. In the opinion of the author, the state should carry out the statistics and undertake a more complete research into the sphere of child and juvenile education, employment, unemployment and delinquency. A presumption is being made that child and juvenile unemployment does not stand as the main and most important delinquency factor, however child and juvenile employment should not be regarded as an alternative substitution to their studies. Young people have the abilities to study and work at the same time and to be fully prepared for their future employment. [Text from author]