LTStraipsnyje analizuojamos laisvo darbo jėgos judėjimo pasekmės ir padariniai Vidurio ir Rytų Europos bei ES šalims po Bendrijos plėtros į Rytus. Būtinybė atlikti tokius vertinimus grindžiama požiūriu, kad anksčiau į ES įstojusių valstybių gyventojus ir politikus jaudina galimas emigracijos mastų šuolis, perėjus prie laisvo darbo jėgos judėjimo, ir su tuo susijęs galimas įtampos padidėjimas kai kuriose darbo jėgos ir kapitalo rinkose, regionuose, interesų grupėse (profsąjungos, etninės grupės ir kt.). Pirmoje straipsnio dalyje aptariamos darbo jėgos migracijos priežastys, antroje ir trečioje – analizuojami galimi migracijos padariniai Europos Sąjungai ir Vidurio bei Rytų Europos šalims. Straipsnyje daroma išvada, kad trumpalaikėje perspektyvoje dėl laisvo darbo jėgos judėjimo principo įgyvendinimo galima tikėtis daugiau neigiamų negu teigiamų pasekmių. Ilgalaikėje perspektyvoje laisvas darbo jėgos judėjimas bus naudingas visoms šalims. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Darbo ir kapitalo rinka; Emigracija; Laisvas darbo jėgos judėjimas; Namų ūkiai; Valstybės politika; Valstybės strategija; Emigration; Free movement of labor; Free movement of labour; Households; Labour and capital market; State policy; State strategy.
ENThe paper dwells upon the impact of the free movement of labor on Central and Eastern European countries after the enlargement of the Community to the East. The necessity to carry out such an evaluation has been based on the EU member states population and the concerns of the politicians who are alarmed about the scale of emigration passing on to the free movement of labor and a possible tension in the same labor and capital markets, regions, and interest groups, closely related to this phenomenon. In predicting the scale of emigration from Central and Eastern European countries, one cannot refer to the statistical data of the earlier stages of the EU condition. The differences regarding the economic structure, the conditions of labor market of the newly admitted countries into the EU enabled less comparison to the present situation. The first part of the article discusses the reasons of the labor migration, the second and the third parts deal with the possible migration consequences for the Central and Eastern Europe. They have been predetermined by the social characteristics of the emigrating people. It is supposed that among them, the unemployed would make up a greater amount than the employed.Due to that fact, the scale of production, savings, and the current funding of the national insurance budgets are supposed to be decreasing. It can be concluded that attempts to carry out the principle of the free movement of labor, in a short-term perspective, would bring about more negative consequences than positive ones. In the common market, the capital investments, employment, and the level of payment would become similar and the wealth of all countries would grow equally. Then, the migration of labor will not be such a sore problem. This level of economics is expected to be reached by candidate countries in about 35 years, as the move of migration then reaches its balance. In a long-term perspective, the free movement of labor will provide a number of benefits to all the countries of Europe. [From the publication]