Europietiškojo vadybos modelio bruožai ir integracinių procesų įtaka jų formavimuisi

LTStraipsnyje analizuojami europietiškajam vadybos modeliui būdingi bruožai bei integracinių procesų įtaka jų formavimuisi. Remiantis mokslinės literatūros analize, išskirti keturi bruožai: kultūrinių skirtumų tarp valstybių pripažinimas, įmonių ir jų vadovų socialinė atsakomybė, orientacija į žmones ir vidines derybas įmonėje, ilgalaikis mąstymas kaip pirmųjų trijų bruožų pasekmė. Europietiškajam vadybos modeliui būdingi bruožai susiformavo dėl daugelio priežasčių; jos yra suskirstytos į dvi grupes: Europos valstybių kultūrinės ir socialinės raidos panašumas, išugdęs nemaža bendrų visoms tautoms savybių, sudarančių savotišką paveldą, dėl kurio įtakos susiformavo eurovadybos paradigma ir Europos ekonominė integracija, sukorusi bendrą socialiai orientuotą rinką, kurioje konkurencija skatina įmones remtis tokiais veiklos efektyvumo didinimo bodais, kaip kultūrinių vietinės rinkos ypatumų išnaudojimas, gerų santykių su visomis interesų grupėmis palaikymas, ar vidinis įmonės konsensusas. Straipsnyje didesnis dėmesys yra skiriamas antrajai priežasčių grupei. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Europa; Europietiškais modelis; Europietiškas vadybos modelis; Europietiškasis vadybos modelis; Europos ekonominė integracija; Integraciniai procesai; Kultūriniai skirtumai; Socialinė atsakomybė; Vadyba; Cultural differences; Europ,; European Model; European integration; European management model; European model of management; Integration Processes; Integratios processes; Management; Managing; Social responsibility.

ENThe article analyses the features characteristic to the European model of management and the influence of integration processes upon their formation. Referring to the analysis of scientific literature, the following four features have been pointed out: recognition of cultural differences among states, social responsibility of enterprises and their managers, orientation towards people and internal negotiation within an enterprise, permanent reasoning as the outcome of the first three features. The features characteristic only to the European model of management have been singled out on the basis of the following: similarity of cultural-social development of the European states which has polled some general characteristics for all the nations; furthermore, this has served as an inheritance background which, on its own, initiated the development of the paradigm of euro management, the European economic integration which has created a united socially-oriented market where competition stimulates enterprises to refer to the ways of increasing the effectiveness of activity as exploration of cultural peculiarities of the local market, support of good relationship among all interest groups, or internal consensus of an enterprise. In the present article, greater emphasis is paid to the second group of the reasons.The influence of the European integration upon the formation of separate features of the European model of management is not uniform: integration processes of the recognition of cultural differences and their application create proper conditions enabling to reveal the cultural heritage formed throughout the centuries; social responsibility appears to be a characteristic feature of the European culture; however, the established EU legal base and policies have a decisive influence upon its development in the light of the integration processes; in the case of employee involvement into enterprise management (internal negotiations), certain contradictions have been observed: the logics of integration processes calls for faster unification of the laws of European countries in this field; however, this is not possible due to historically shaped recognition and tolerance of cultural differences. Despite this, in the EU, intensive harmonization of the legal base occurs in the employee involvement into the enterprise management; permanent reasoning should be considered as a feature formed during the performance integration processes in the functioning unified EU market, since, in general, long-term orientation is not peculiar to the European population. The European model of management considers the organization of activity not only to be based on economic, but also on human factors. Both social responsibility and strive for internal consensus give some benefit in a long-term perspective, but they greatly decrease the competitiveness of European enterprises in the present stage of world economics development. In addition, this model is relatively new and not tested in time. Due to these reasons, it seems to be not as attractive as the other two major models of management, especially the American one. [From the publication]