Bazinių žinių testo konstravimas: užduočių šaltinių pagrindimas, remiantis ekspertų apklausa

LTStraipsnyje pristatoma, Lietuvos kultūrines sąlygas atitinkančio, jaunuolių ir jaunų suaugusiųjų žmonių bazinių žinių testo teorinė hipotetinė vizija, konstravimo metodologiniai aspektai ir pirmieji rezultatai. Kaip bazinių žinių testo užduočių atrankos tyrimo pirmojo etapo pavyzdys, pateikiami Lietuvos vidurinės mokyklos dailės ir biologijos dalykų ugdymo turinio ekspertizės rezultatai ir jų analizė. Pagal statistinius parametrus atrenkami testo užduočių šaltiniai - aukščiausiai ir vieningiausiai ekspertų įvertintos dailės ir biologijos temos. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Bazinių žinių testo konstravimas; Bazinės žinios; Testų konstravimas; Ugdymo turinio ekspertizė; Basic knowledge; Construction of a Basic Knowledge Test; Expert evaluation of the subjects; Test construction.

ENBasic knowledge is one of the most important constituents of the. human intellect. Most of the intellect measuring tests conducted in the world include separate sub-tests diagnosing relatively elementary basic knowledge of the respondent. Psychological research has proved that the diagnosis of basic knowledge provides important data about a person and his/her ability to retrieve information from a long-term memory. This can help to reveal intellectual history of the respondent and to foresee his/her future achievements. The success of solving various tasks and problems depends directly on the basic knowledge of a person. Basic knowledge is also one of the indicators of the level of education. Under the conditions of the information society, diagnosing basic knowledge becomes an important area of educational diagnosis. For securing successful activities in this sphere, it is necessary to have a diagnostic instrument which would meet methodological quality requirements. There has been no formal, research-based test designed in Lithuania yet. Theoretically, the problem can be solved in two ways: 1) by modifying the tests prepared in the West, 2) by creating a diagnostic instrument for testing basic knowledge of young adults (20 to 40 yearolds) on the basis of the Lithuanian high school curriculum and Lithuanian cultural conditions. Obvious cultural and educational differences among the countries (their educational curricula, languages, history) determine the second choice. The research presented in the article is the first stage in designing a basic knowledge test for young adults in Lithuania.It examines the hypothesis that the culture of the mankind is best reflected in the school curriculum. It is the most suitable empirical referent of culture acquisition as well as the basis for designing a basic knowledge test. The aim of the survey, conducted as a part of the research, is to select the components (subject topics, or themes) in the Lithuanian high school curriculum, the study of which provides knowledge that, according to the experts, separate subject teachers, has the highest residual value in the basic knowledge structure of a young adult. On the basis of these topics, item selection is going to be carried out during the second stage of the research. Expert evaluation of the subjects taught at a Lithuanian high school has demonstrated that topics in each subject vary with respect to their residual value and the importance to young adults independent of their profession, activities, social status etc. As an example, the paper presents the results and the analysis of expert evaluation of Fine Arts and Biology curriculum. Out of 48 Fine Arts topics in the curriculum, 11 have been selected (on the basis of statistical indicators) for being included into the construction material of the test. The analysis of the influence of social - demographic variables on the expert evaluation is followed by conclusions and recommendations concerning the suitability of separate Fine Arts topics for the construction of a basic knowledge test for young adults. [Text from author]