Akademinio
LTStraipsnyje nagrinėjama viena iš akademinio/mokslinio teksto kūrimo problemų, būtent rašančiojo asmens santykis su svetimu tekstu. Pristatomi šie pastovieji svetimo teksto inkorporavimo būdai: referavimas, parafrazavimas, analizavimas, interpretavimas, citavimas, polemika, vertinimas. Aiškinamos svarbiausios taisyklės, kaip vienu ar kitu būdu kurti atitinkamą rašomo teksto dalį. Provizoriškai pristatomos svarbiausios plagijavimo priežastys, jo lygmenys ir su tuo susiję mokslininko etikos pažeidimai. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Akademinis (mokslinis) tekstas; Analizavimas; Bendrosios žinios; Citavimas; Etika; Interpretavimas; Mokslininko etika; Mokslinis tekstas; Parafrazavimas; Plagiatas; Polemika; Referavimas; Santykis su svetimu tekstu; Vertinimas; Academic (scientific) text; Analysis; Assessment; Citation; Ethics; General knowledge; Interpretation; Other scientists` texts; Paraphrase; Plagiarization; Polemic; Report; Scientific text; Scientists'ethics; Usage.
ENAccording to the authority, conditionally two main layers of scientific text content may be distinguished. The first one is a new generalized material of the writer, i.e. original/authoritative report of the performed researches. The second layer is the usage of other scientists' published texts related with the research topic, more precisely, the usage of their fragments for the elaboration of the issue under analysis. Many addressers, especially the beginners, face a particular problem of content and language, i.e. how to keep a proper distance between their own text and the literature being used, i.e. the literature to which they refer for the expression of their attitude and for the provision of a research data. Lithuanian academic communities pay too little attention to the teaching on how to write scientific texts, in addition there is a lack of special literature on this •issue. As a result, the following two factors define the relevance of the theme of the article: practical need and inadequate scientific work that has been started to fill the present gap. The aim of the research is divided into theoretical solution of three tasks. Fixed ways of referring to the works of others in your texts (citation, reporting and paraphrasing, analysis and interpretation, polemic and assessment) are described and the rules of their realization are explained.The concept of general and original/author's knowledge is revised. General knowledge is the notices and conclusions that have been formed from long practical experience and scientific discoveries that has become textbook knowledge as well as reasoning the authority of which is not relevant anymore because this information has become the possession of all. The ethics of scientific activity is being violated when non-material product of intellectual property of other person is pirated. The subject of authors' rights protection is original form of the work but not the content of the work, to which every author of academic/scientific text can refer by following the appropriate requirements. Despite them, the tendency of literature/sources imitation or plagiarization is present. The main reasons of these negative aspects are the following: lack of knowledge on how to use the works of others and/or careeristic motives. Pseudo-authorship and imitative co-authorship are attributed to the careeristic motivation. [From the publication]
