Lietuvos būsto plėtros investicijų poreikis ir galimybės

LTApsirūpinimas būstu - viena iš aktualiausių ir sunkiausiai sprendžiamų Lietuvos šiuolaikinės visuomenės problemų. Realiai ji iš esmės nesprendžiama, atidedama tolimesnei ateičiai, atsigavus šalies ūkiui. Būsto būklė dėl to dar sparčiau blogėja, jos sprendimas sunkėja, ir todėl tolesnis delsimas darosi neleistinas. Antra vertus, būsto plėtra gali tapti svarbia nedarbo mažinimo ir bendro šalies ekonominio augimo spartinimo prielaida. Šiame straipsnyje, remiantis būsto būklės ir būsto rinkos būklės analize bei šios būklės kitimo tendencijomis, pagrindžiamos šios prielaidos. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Atstatymas; Būstas; Būsto rinka; Investicijos; Nusidėvėjimas; Paslaugų rinka; Plėtra; Amortization; Development; Housing; Housing market; Investment; Investments; Renovation; Services market; Servises market.

ENHousing is a specific field of real estate market, which by itself involves two interrelated markets: market of living premises as the object of ownership; market of services provided by real estate of this particular type. The uniqueness of dwelling is brought about by such characteristic features as durability, immobility, the variety of quality levels, a comparatively high price and significant cots of its renovation, and depreciation mode. The distinguishing of two housing markets and the analysis of their interrelationship let perceive, predict and manage complex socioeconomic processes taking place in the dwelling field. Such approach is especially appropriate in tackling issues related to development of housing in contemporary economic conditions. In Lithuania housing market is conditioned by the following determinants: High degree of privatization (97 %); limited purchasing power of families: only 10 % of all families can acquire dwelling by themselves, 30 % of families need government loans; other 30 % of families cannot afford purchasing of living premises, hence they are participants of rental market; and the rest 30% of families can be provided with living space only by offering them social rent, which is cheaper than the rent determined by the market; since 1990 the scale of the construction of new living premises has decreased 2,8 times.The stimulation of dwelling market could be achieved through the estimation of market determinants mentioned above and through the application of the corresponding economic tools: evaluating major factors, affecting dwelling market and dwelling services market, scientific research has to be carried out; all possible resources should be directed to housing. In most countries such investments are considered as important factors letting overcome economic recession; the appropriate role of the state in dwelling field should be implemented through the use of limited resources for social housing development, providing stimuli for private firms to invest into the construction of living quarters and supporting people with limited income; the number of people applying for social dwelling should be reduced and the number of people affording to buy living premises should be increased; housing development should be performed by: renovating already acquired dwelling and building new living premises; actual demand for housing development has been determined by economic and demographic conditions of our country, credit policy and by the interrelation mode of the determinants mentioned above. [From the publication]