LTNeoficialusis gyventojų užimtumas įsigalėjo ir suklestėjo pereinamojo laikotarpio į rinkos ūkį sąlygomis. Tai veiksnys, kuris ganėtinai padidina realų gyventojų užimtumą ir sumažina nedarbą. Informacija apie užimtumą ir nedarbo tikrąją padėtį atspindi neišsamiai. Tačiau tam esama svarių priežasčių. Įvairūs atrankiniai tyrimai parodė, kad daug žmonių sunkiai besiverčiančiose šalies įmonėse apskaitomi kaip dirbantys, nors iš tikrųjų dirba ne visą darbo laiką arba iš viso nedirba. Abstrakčios sąvokos "užimtumas" ir "nedarbas" irgi mums nedaug ką pasako apie tikrąją padėtį darbo rinkoje, nes egzistuoja darbo rinkos struktūros elementai (neregistruotas arba paslėptasis nedarbas, nevisiškas ir neoficialusis užimtumas), kurie yra faktiškai neapčiuopiami ir sunkiai įvertinami oficialios statistikos. Šiame straipsnyje įvertinamas neoficialiojo užimtumo mastas Lietuvoje, aptariamos jo pasireiškimo formos bei apskaičiavimų metodika, bandoma nustatyti neoficialiosios darbo rinkos dinamikos tendencijas. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Balansiniai skaičiavimai; Darbo rinkos segmentacija; Ekonomika; Ekonominis gyventojų aktyvumas; Nedarbas; Neoficialioji darbo rinka; Neregistruotas (paslėptasis); Neregistruotas (paslėptasis) nedarbas; Nevisiškas užimtumas; Nevisiškas užimtumas, darbo; Rinkos segmentacija; Šešėlinė; Šešėlinė ekonomika; Activity of population; Balance calculations; Economic; Economic activity of population; Hidden unemployment; Incomplete employment; Labour market; Labour market segmentation; Segmentation; Shadow economics; Unofficial labour market.
ENAn attempt has been made to evaluate, at least approximately, the two main aspects of unemployment, i.e. unofficial employment and hidden unemployment has been made. These are such phenomena one can't get information about when using traditional ways, namely, reports from enterprises and the data from the unemployed accounts kept with local employment agencies. The calculations carried out show that the second half of the current decade in Lithuania faced a lessening tendency of unofficial employment and hidden unemployment. According to the approximate estimations made by the authors the pending unofficial employment dropped over the period of 1994-2000 from 380 to 230 thousand people, while hidden unemployment share in the total number of unemployed decrease from 82% to 24%. Hidden unemployment in agriculture is a more distinctive feature of unemployment in Lithuania. The calculations of the last year results might seem to be too optimistic and negotiable having in mind an increased influence of the Russian crisis to the economy of our country. However, it doesn't necessarily mean that the influence of the total unofficial employment (full and part-time) has been decreasing. Most likely the decrease in the total unofficial employment is greatly exceeded by the increase in the unofficial employment effect, which is closely related to double accountancy.This must be one of the most important reasons why the financial situation of the national budged has gone down in the recent years. Disintegration of the large-scale economy sector made way/gave impulse for small business to emerge; however, it is exceptionally hard to collect information about it. This fact resulted in demand to carry a research of the workforce. We'll most probably be right in proposing/stating that the decrease in the number of employees in the first half of the last decade shows movement of the labour force from the official to the unofficial market rather than decrease of the employment rate. This factor as a result might angle the dynamics of the number of employed people in this quinquennial. In the light of these facts it is possible to interpret the steady number of insured employees as the initiation of employment legalization. [From the publication]