LTStraipsnyje analizuojami tautinių mažumų apsaugos klausimai per tarptautinės teisės prizmę. Straipsnis yra dviejų dalių. Pirmoje dalyje, remiantis objektyviais ir subjektyviais požymiais, atskleidžiama tautinės mažumos samprata. Šioje dalyje aptariami tokie probleminiai klausimai kaip tautinės mažumos ir pilietybė bei tautinės mažumos nedominuojanti pozicija. Antroji straipsnio dalis skirta tarptautinėms mažumoms kaip tarptautinės teisės subjektams. Analizuojamas tautinių mažumų tarptautinis teisinis subjektiškumas. Keliamas klausimas, ar tautinių mažumų teisės – individualios ar kolektyvinės?. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Individualios ir kolektyvinės tautinių mažumų teisės; Objektyvūs ir subjektyvūs tautinių mažumų kriterijai; Samprata; Tarptautinės teisės subjektas; Tautinė mažuma; Tautinės mažumos; Tautinės mažumos kaip tarptautinės teisės subjektas; Definition; Individual and collective national minorities rights; Individual and collective rights of national minorities'; National minorities; National minorities as subjects of international law; Objective and subjective criteria for national minorities; Subject of international law.
ENStudy analyses the issues of protection of national minorities from the perspective of international law. The study consists of three parts. In the first part, the author reveals the understanding of a national minority on the basis of objective and subjective features. This part focuses on such problematic issues as national minorities and citizenship, non-dominant position of a national minority. The second part of the study concentrates on international minorities as subjects of international law. The author analyses international legal subjectivity of national minorities. A question is raised whether the rights of national minorities are individual or collective rights. The third part of the study focuses on the analysis of normative basis for the protection of national minorities. The author notes that the monist system exists in the Republic of Lithuania regarding the relation of international and national law. Under this system, the international treaties ratified by the Lithuanian Parliament (Seimas) are seen as an indivisible part of the legal system of the Republic of Lithuania. Therefore, the Convention for the Protection of National Minorities is an international treaty that is directly applicable in the legal system of the Republic of Lithuania. The fourth part of the study focuses on the question whether Lithuania should become a party to the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. Although this issue is complex and includes the problems of political, economic, legal and other nature, the author focuses on the legal analysis of the problems related to the participation in the Charter.It is emphasised that the Charter is not the only document that ensures the linguistic rights of national minorities. Under the Law on International Treaties of the Republic of Lithuania, while considering participation in the Charter, the right of treaty initiative should be implemented, and the question of efficiency of the treaty must also be solved. [From the publication]