Kompleksinė kultūrinio regiono samprata

LTStraipsnis yra skirtas kultūrinio regiono sampratos aiškinimui ir Dzūkijos kultūrinio regiono analizei. Kultūrinio regiono samprata straipsnyje nagrinėjama kaip regioninės kultūros tyrimo ir aprašymo principas, stengiamasi parodyti, kad kiekvienas kultūrinio regiono apibrėžimas yra autoriaus būdas suvokti regioninę kultūrą ir ją aprašyti. Apžvelgiant kultūrinio regiono sampratos raidą, atskleidžiami svarbiausi kultūrinį regioną formuojantys ir išskiriantys kriterijai: regiono kultūriniai bruožai, gyventojų socialiniai ryšiai, teritorinė organizacija ir savimonė. Dzūkijos kultūrinis regionas nagrinėjamas per trijų tipų (etnografinio, funkcinio ir savimonės) regionų sanklodą, stengiamasi atskleisti teritorinės organizacijos raidą, gyventojų savimonės formavimąsi Pietų Lietuvoje, taip pat pateikti dažniausią etnografinę Dzūkijos kultūrinio regiono interpretaciją. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Dzūkija; Etnografinis regionas; Etnografinis-Kultūrinis regionas; Kultūrinis regionas; Tapatumas; Cultural region; Dzūkija; Ethnographic region; Ethnographic-Cultural region; Identity.

ENFor the most time the prevailing concept of the cultural region was based on the distribution of similar cultural qualities. According to such principle, most of the Lithuanian ethnographic regions were formed. In the 20th century the concept of the cultural region widened, including a number of new criteria for the regional distinction: the ethnographic features were supplemented with those of social organization, self-identification, identity and symbolical landscape. In this article, the complex concept of the cultural region is presented as an overlap of three types of regions (i.e. the ethnographic, functional and that of self-consciousness). This method is developed using an example of the cultural region of Dzūkija (south-western Lithuania). Having compared the results of various ethnographic investigations, it was established that the prevailing ethnographic interpretation of the cultural region of Dzūkija was hardly the correct one, since usually attention was paid to the cultural qualities and their distribution across the particular territory, while the social and cultural background of the region's development used to be overlooked. Yet it is exactly the development of the functional territorial units that indicates the essential absence of the independent territorial unit of Dzūkija in the course of history, although functional territorial organization used to be quite distinct in southern Lithuania.Its inner structure was determined by the land's subdivisions resulting from its recurrent occupations, the social economical conditions of the regional development and the natural and cultural discontinuity of the landscape. While being constantly subject to various divisions and "inherently" incoherent, Dzūkija was formed on the grounds of the common features of its dialect (dzūkavimas), while the common self-name was devised in connection with the historical land of Dainava, which was entrenched thanks to the book Dainavos šalies senų žmonių padavimai ['Legends of the Old People from Dainava Land'] by Vincas Krėvė-Mickevičius. According to the results of contemporary investigation of self-consciousness of Dzūkija inhabitants, the most substantial regional self-consciousness is characteristic to the area of the most stable functional organization, namely, that of Merkinė-Eišiškės-Varėna-Alytus-Lazdijai. [From the publication]

• Etnologija / Ethnology
• Kalbotyra / Linguistics
• Istorija / History