"Bloga akis" jaunimo pasaulėvokoje

LTStraipsnyje aptariami blogos akies komplekso ypatumai moderniajame lietuviškame kontekste. Siekiama nustatyti, kada, iš ko, kaip ir kokia apimtimi jį perima jaunoji karta. Aštuonerius metus atliekant lauko tyrimus Lietuvos kaimuose, miesteliuose ir sostinėje Vilniuje teko įsitikinti, kad kenkiamosios akių galios, t. y. nužiūrėjimo, bijo toli gražu ne vien mažai išsilavinę ir prietaringi kaimo senukai, bet ir jauni, išsimokslinę miesto žmonės. Nepasitaikė nė vieno atvejo, kad apklaustieji būtų nieko nežinoję apie blogą akį. Lietuvos kaimų ir miestelių jaunimas, atvykęs mokytis į miestą, tėvų ir senelių papročių neužmiršta. Iš kartos į kartą perdavinėjamas blogos akies kompleksas išlieka beveik nepakitęs. Jaunimas perima šį prietarą iš vyresniosios kartos ne kaip įdomią, gal net komišką praeities keistybę ar vadinamąjį reliktą, o kaip įprastinį kasdienybės reiškinį, neatsiejamą tikrovės ir pasaulėvaizdžio dalį. Amžius, išsilavinimas ir profesija tiesioginės įtakos blogos akies kompleksui neturi. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Blogos akies kompleksas; Jaunoji karta; Modernusis lietuviškas kontekstas; Modernusis lietuviškasis kontekstas; Evil eye complex; Modern Lithuanian context; Young generation.

EN[…] The subject of the present paper is characteristics of the evil eye complex revealed within the modern Lithuanian context. The aim of the paper is to determine how young educated people take over, practice and develop the evil eye complex. Field research carried out for this paper covers the period from 2005 to 2007. It involves 20 respondents, all of whom are students or graduates of Lithuanian universities. The respondents were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire created by the author. Composition of the respondents (a) by gender: 19 females and 1 male; (b) by age at the moment of the interview: 19–28 years (mean age 22.1 years); (c) by study direction: exact sciences (3 respondents), humanities (8 respondents), natural sciences (2 respondents), and social sciences (7 respondents); (d) by place of origin: 7 respondents come from Vilnius, the rest 13 from other Lithuanian towns or villages located in the districts of Alytus, Švenčionėliai, Šalčininkai, Molėtai, Utena, Zarasai, Mažeikiai, Vilnius, and Trakai. The so-called "kinship and friendship networks" – based on "snowball" methodology was employed for the selection of respondents. Results of the research: out of the total number (twenty) of respondents, sixteen stated that casters of the evil eye really existed, and that they had encountered them personally. Two respondents thought that casters of the evil eye did not exist. The rest two were not sure about it. Six respondents answered yes to the question: Has a caster of the evil eye ever harmed you? Another six said no, and the rest four were not sure about it.Fourteen respondents answered yes to the question: At the present moment, do you know at least one caster of the evil eye personally? Two respondents believed that their own eyes possessed the power to cause harm to the environment. According to the respondents, the evil eye may cause harm to a number of objects, such as human health and beauty, flowers, orchards, and domestic animals. What is more, the evil eye is also harmful to inanimate objects, such as mobile telephones or houses. The evil eye accounts for a series of misfortunes in human life, including traumas or even death. To ward off the evil eye, the respondents use a wide range of traditional and the so-called "modern" means, such as imported Turkish beads. Some of them develop their original warding-off practices. Limitations: although the findings indicate that young educated participants take over the evil eye, the qualitative character of this research does not allow concluding that almost 100 per cent of young educated Lithuanians are afraid of the evil eye. Besides, the research involved basically females. In order to make any plausible conclusions it is essential to find out how young educated males take over, practice and develop the evil eye. Conclusions: the greater part of young educated participants of the research views the evil eye as a common everyday phenomenon. Evil eye complex is taken over by these representatives of younger generation not as an antique curiosity but as an integral part of reality. Age, education or profession does not produce a direct effect on the evil eye complex. However, it is vital to determine how young educated males contribute to the construction and development of the evil eye complex. [From the publication]