Sutartinių mokymo svarba bendrojo lavinimo mokykloje

LTSutartinių atsiradimo, raidos bei gyvavimo klausimai domino ne vieną Lietuvos bei užsienio mokslininką. Tačiau iki šiol galutinai neišaiškinta sutartinių, kaip etninio reiškinio, problema. Mūsų kultūros palikime jos užima svarbią vietą, sudaro atskirą žanrą, pasižymi originaliomis poetinėmis ir muzikinėmis išraiškos formomis, sudėtinga daugiabalse architektonika. Straipsnyje analizuojama sutartinių mokymo situacija šiandienos mokykloje, mokytojų profesijos pasirinkimo priežastys, domėjimosi etnine muzika būdai. Pateikiama mokinių nuomonė apie etninės muzikos puoselėjimą, požiūris į sutartinių giedojimo sudėtingumą bei muzikavimą lietuvių liaudies instrumentais. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Sutartinės; Etninė muzika; Mokykla; Mokinys; Muzikos mokytojas; Polyphonic sutartinės; Ethnic music; School; Pupil; Teacher of music.

ENArticle deals with the analysis of teaching the polyphonic sutartinės in the secondary school, the reasons of choosing the profession of a teacher, and the ways of interest into the ethnic culture. An opinion about the teaching the ethnic music expressed by schoolchildren, and their views towards the complexity of singing polyphonic sutartinės and playing them with Lithuanian ethnic instruments has been presented in the article. It has been obvious nowadays that the ethnic music has not been accepted just as a heritage from a certain historical time. It serves people as an actual need in compensation of certain extremes and shortcomings of a contemporary culture, its passive forms of comprehension and usage of arts, lack of communication, and division of a personality. Object of research: the importance of training polyphonic sutartinės at secondary school music lessons. Aim of research: disclosing of the meaning of teaching polyphonic sutartinės in the process of developing the knowledge of the ethnoculture. Methods of research: questionnaire scientific methodological literature review, questionnaire and a summary of the comparison. An empirical research was carried out in 2009 when 193 respondents – 175 schoolchildren and 18 teachers from Vilnius and Vilnius district secondary schools – were interviewed. Having analyzed the data it was revealed that the teachers of music were interested into polyphonic sutartinės and presented them during their lessons. Nevertheless polyphonic sutartinės have not been so popular and they have been introduced only in a more formal way as under the requirements of State programes of musical education.Having disclosed the pupils‘ point of view into the complexity of singing polyphonic sutartinės and the meaning of them, it became clear that schoolchildren acquire more and complex capabilities of singing in canon style using syncopes, learning a better feeling of the rythm, and polyphonic thinking while getting acquired with the heritage of the ethnic culture. The schoolchildren have been able to analyze (especially the ones from the upper classes) and evaluate polyphonic sutartinės as a need of learning the ethnic culture, and they realize that they are getting richer while accepting it into their worldoutlook thus making their own national traditions to continue. Nevertheless the teachers of music should use more additional material in teaching polyphonic sutartinės and try to inspire to increase the interest of schoolchildren into the unique heritage of polyphonic sutartinės with providing more examples of polyphonic sutartinės that should correspond to the age of pupils for the reason that there has been a lack of enough suitable examples of polyphonic sutartinės in the course books. If all the teachers of music that work in the secondary schools paid more attention towards the most unique part of the ethnic heritage polyphonic sutartinės, we could expect that the tradition of polyphonic sutartinės singing and playing would not become extinct. [From the publication]

• Edukologija / Education
• Muzikologija / Musicology