Kriminalistikos mokslo teorija - quo vadis?

LTStraipsnyje analizuojamos kriminalistikos mokslo tyrimo objektų, sampratos ir sistemos kategorijos. Globalizacijos laikais vis stipriau esame priklausomi nuo tarptautinių procesų. Nors socialinių mokslų, ypač kriminalistikos (išskyrus jos technikos ir technologijos sudedamąsias), integracija nėra tokia sparti kaip gamtos ir technikos mokslų, bet ir šioje srityje matyti tam tikri unifikacijos bei integracijos procesų poslinkiai. Šiuolaikinis kriminalistikos mokslas, kaip taikomoji disciplina, kurios paskirtis savo metodais, būdais ir rekomendacijomis užtikrinti nusikalstamų veikų aiškinimą, tyrimą ir prevenciją, yra stipriai priklausomas nuo teisės, ypač baudžiamojo proceso. Įvairios kriminalistikos mokyklos labai skirtingai traktuoja šio mokslo tyrimo objektus, sampratą ir sistemą. Šitie skirtumai priklauso ir nuo atitinkamo kriminalistikos mokyklos teorijos pasiekto lygio. Nusikaltimų aiškinimas, tyrimas ir prevencija, naujos techninės priemonės, technologijos, metodai ir rekomendacijos bei jų atrankos ir verifikacijos būtinumas reikalauja plėtoti kriminalistikos teoriją Lietuvoje.Reikšminiai žodžiai: Baudžiamasis procesas; Kriminalistika; Kriminalistikos mokslas; Mokslas; Objektas; Samprata; Sistema; Concept; Criminal Procedure; Criminalistic; Criminalistics; Forensic Science; Forensics; Object; Science; System.

ENEvery science develops on specific groundwork and with many conditions. Every science has its' own principles and goals. The main goal of all sciences is - information. And information demands methods of information gathering, storing, analyzing, systematizing etc. Basic sciences are oriented for solving theoretical problems and applied sciences for practical ones. Criminalistics (Forensic science) is extraordinary science, because it belongs to applied sciences group, but has also its' theory. Every science analyzes some reality aspects which are influenced by different factors. Criminalistics (Forensic science) analyzes aspects from criminal activity sphere and everything what goes with it. Criminalistics (Forensic science) is influenced by political and social factors, state institutions' activity, but the largest influence comes from law sciences, especially from penal sciences. Many amendments of code of criminal procedure initiates different changes in forensic science. But all these changes need proper verification, and this is criminalistics theory's job. Like other development of criminalistics (forensic science) needs verification of its' achievements, loses and compatibility with theory.This article is about several criminalistics (forensic science) theory aspects which are quite widely discussed lately. It is obvious that this article cannot answer all the questions of criminalistics (forensic science) theory. Its' purpose is to show to the reader some of problems and its' examination tendencies. One of main questions of criminalictics (forensic science) is the system of its' objects examination. Different schools treated differently its' object examination measures. Next question is the concept of criminalistics (forensic science) and its' system. These questions are actual in Lithuania, where it is not strongly established any of criminalistics (forensic science) schools. For effective applying of new Code of Criminal Procedure it is necessary to look at some criminalistics (forensic science) provisions from different positions. [From the publication]

• Bendroji kriminalistikos teorija: nuo Hanso Grosso iki Rafailo Belkino... Ir kas toliau? / Henryk Malewski. Kriminalistikos teorijos plėtra ir teismo ekspertologijos ateitis. Liber Amicorum Profesoriui Vidmantui Egidijui Kurapkai / moksliniai redaktoriai ir sudarytojai: Henryk Malewski, Snieguolė Matulienė, Gabrielė Juodkaitė-Granskienė. Vilnius : Mykolo Romerio universitetas : Advokatų profesinė bendrija „Constat“, 2022. P. 35-62.
• Geopolitical factors in the formation of a new school of criminalistics in the Intermarium region of Europe / Henryk Malewski, Snieguolė Matulienė, Vidmantas Egidijus Kurapka, Jerzy Kasprzak, Valery Shepitko. International Comparative Jurisprudence. 2024, Vol. 10, no. 1, p. 130-143.