Vyskupo Jurgio Bialozoro (apie 1623-1665) politinė veikla

LTStraipsnyje atskleidžiamos nuo 1658 m. Smolensko, nuo 1661 m. Vilniaus vyskupo ir LDK senatoriaus J. Bialozoro politinės pažiūros ir veikla: dalyvavimas sudarant 1655 10 20 Kėdainių sutartį su Švedija, veikla švedmečiu, pagalba nutraukiant 1661-1663 m. Lietuvos kariuomenės konfederaciją, požiūris į finansinę bažnyčios paramą valstybei, dalyvavimas Lenkijos- Lietuvos seimuose, senate ir seimeliuose. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Jurgis Bialozoras; Kariuomenė; Lietuvos istorija; Seimas; Vyskupas; Vyskupas Jurgis Bialozoras; Army; Bishop; Bishop J.Bialozor; Capitula; Confederation; Diet; History of Lithuania; Politics; Senator; Treaty of Kėdainiai.

ENInfluential relatives helped Jurgis Bialozoras (Jerzy Biallozor) start his political and ecclesiastical career. In a very short time, he acquired the favor of Jan Kazimierz Waza, the ruler of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. The career began in 1648, when he became canon of Vilnius diocese. In 1652, he became custode, in 1658 bishop of Smolensk and senator of Poland–Lithuania. In 1661, he achieved the most significant position being nominated bishop of Vilnius. All of his life, he combined political activities with ecclesiastical duties. This was caused by a very difficult period of Lithuanian history. The war with Russia and Sweden began respectively in 1654 and 1655; Lithuania was occupied and devastated loosing about a half of its population. This article aims to investigate political activities of J. Bialozoras. J. Bialozoras was one of the closest assistants of Jonušas Radvila (Janusz Radziwill), Lithuanian hetman favorable to Sweden. He signed Kėdainiai treaty between GDL and Sweden in 1655 10 20 and collaborated with Sweden till the very end of its rule in Lithuania. Because of that he was accused for having betrayed the Catholic fate and the ruler of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. He saved, however, the treasury of Vilnius Capitula in the time of calamities not giving it to Sweden. This proves that he was not absolutely loyal to Sweden, and that he had his own plans favorable to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. When Sweden was defeated, J. Bialozoras used this treasury to finance the Lithuanian army. This fact helped him to regain the trust of the army and to rehabilitate himself in the eyes of the ruler. He continued supporting Lithuanian army with money forcing Vilnius Capitula to provide financial support.He used for his own political purposes and implementation of personal political plans treasure of the Catholic Church. In 1661–1663, J. Bialozoras was one of the leaders who tried to find compromise with the confederation of Lithuanian army, which did not want to fight with Russians without salaries. J. Bialozoras considerably contributed in calming the army and dissolving the confederation. In general, this bishop was loyal to the royal court and to the Pacai (Рас), the most influential family in Lithuania of the period. J. Bialozoras helped M. Pacas become hetman of Lithuanian army. He did not support, however, all of their plans rejecting vivente rege idea, when realized it being the cause of great dissatisfaction in Lithuanian army. J. Bialozoras as a senator took part in 60 % Polish–Lithuanian diets; other Lithuanian bishops participated in only about 40–% diets at the 2nd half of the 17th century. [From the publication]