Laisvė nelaisvės metu Leonardo Gutausko romanuose "Laiškai iš Viešvilės" ir "Plunksnos"

LTLeonardo Gutausko romanuose „Laiškai iš Viešvilės“ ir „Plunksnos“ asmens kūrybinė, pasaulėžiūros ir tikėjimo laisvė iškyla kaip viena esminių būties sąlygų - egzistencialijų. Sovietinio režimo laiku oficialioji kultūra asmenybės vientisumą lemiančią savivoką ignoravo versdama atsisakyti vertybinių nuostatų, prisitaikyti ir paklusti. Straipsnyje romanų herojų vidinės persikėlimo kelionės laike ir mirties kaip transfigūracijos į žemesniuosius (augalų, kraštovaizdžio) Tėvynės pavidalus pasirinkimas siejami su šia dvilype egzistencija. Daroma prielaida, kad fizinio ir metafizinio planų sukeitimas, ryški Tėvynės sakralizacijos linkmė Gutausko romanuose ir ypač poezijoje yra nulemti žmogiškosios erdvės entropijos totalitarinėje sistemoje ir ilgalaikių sovietinių represijų padarinių. Analizuojami Gutausko poezijoje ir romanuose sutampantys krikščioniškąją savivoką liudijantys vaizdiniai, vilties ir išganymo teologemos aksiologinę romanų problematiką įtraukia ir į teologinių svarstymų akiratį. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Laisvė; Leonardas Gutauskas; Lietuvių romanas; Mirties įveika; Romanai; Vizijos; Šiuolaikinė lietuvių literatūra; Contemporary Lithuanian literature; Defeat of death; Freedom; Leonardas Gutauskas; Lithuanian Novel; Novels; Visions.

ENIn the novels "Laiškai iš Viešvilės" ("Letters from Viešvilė") and "Plunksnos" ("The feathers") Leonardas Gutauskas considers themes of freedom and artistic creation, which in certain political situation are closely related to the problem of individual freedom and restriction of liberty in the annexed country as well. According to the metaphor of the novel "Laiškai iš Viešvilės", in the time of oppression characters live their lives as bounded by wire mesh, and despite of that freedom in this context emerge as an obligatory condition for creation and human existence. Real and symbolic prototypes of the novel characters provide an opportunity to observe life stories of protagonists as a model of the moral process, which depends on person's ethical considerations, and not on historic determinism. At this point literary axiology and theological problematic find their common place, and the moral vision of the world, ethically orientated consciousness, that human creatures and those of smaller brethren shares, and the figure of Jesus as an ideal prototype of an artist, are of great importance in Gutauskas' novels and poetry. It is obvious that in the time of oppression human lives become complicated, and those, who were seeking for free thinking and open-mindness to create and reflect upon, confronted with the officially legitimated "portion of truth". The official culture eliminated the truth-telling from the sočiai practice and inner integrity of a person, and in this way the double-faced existence was established, being the cause, and not the result of tragedies for those individuals who did not conform. When Gutauskas in his novels appeals to the analogy of creator-redeemer and stresses the impact of prototypes and the axiological characters' motivation, he shows the only escape from the society's crisis and from the existential impasse - the way of individual's inner s.But the rejection of reality and the dip into the inward space is first of all an attempt to exclude suppressed experiences, and the liberation in one's soul rejecting real time and space designates the reshuffle of physical and metaphysical plans caused by his sufferings. In this way human drama reveals a universal dimension: freedom and defeated death, in the novels considered as one of seminal existentialias, and visions (or inner transmigrations) that interfere the miserable reality appear as dreams of final justice, redemption and deliverance. Categories of freedom and death emerge as related so tight, that final significance of death in Gutauskas' works can be approved by Christian theologems of hope and salvation. Characters' right to choose between life and death shows the depth of their spiritual considerations and ethic quests, their solidity of faith, because the shy surrender and an amnesty that follows for the society is much more hazardous than the way of resistance: the integrity of human self-identification and his life is the price one must pay to the system for disobedience and non-conformism. Not because of the loss of personai freedom, but foremost because of the loss of state's, homelands' freedom the forms of creative human origin and his liberty in Gutauskas' poetry and novels have their projections beyond the bounds of human existence - joining the eternal rhythm of life and concurring with the homeland in the non objective way. The inner transmigrations of novel characters in time and their death as transfiguration to lower forms of the homeland (plants, landscapes) and the link to the sacralisation of homeland in this article are considered to be determined by the Christian paradigm of thinking and the entropy of human space in the totalitarian system together with the long lasting consequences of soviet repressions.The hopeful message that reaches us from Gutauskas' novels is that freedom and dependence to the homeland can not be suspended even by death, while chains of existence are changing their shapes. [From the publication]